On the prospects of using vitamins and minerals in the prevention of early pregnancy losses


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Abstract

The pathophysiology of sporadic miscarriage in early pregnancy is complex and includes chromosomal defects, thrombotic disorders, and elevated chronic systemic inflammation levels in particular. The associations between hypovitaminoses, dysmicroelementoses, and the pathophysiology of thrombophilia and chronic inflammation point to the promise for replenishing vitamin and mineral deficiencies to lower the risk of early pregnancy losses (EPL). The paper presents the results of fundamental and clinical studies of the relationship between reproductive losses and the provision of patients with vitamins B9, D, E, B12, folate, iron, selenium, zinc, magnesium, and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). In order to prevent EPL, vitamin E mono-preparations are not recommended for administration especially in large doses during pregnancy. In women with unexplained EPL, vitamin D3 deficiency (at serum 25(OH)D3 concentration less than 30ng/ml) should be compensated, since the low vitamin D status reduces the effects of progesterone, increases the risk of thrombogenesis and inflammation, and is associated with a decrease in regulatory T-lymphocytes. In order to prevent spontaneous abortion, it is optimal to take multicomponent vitamin and mineral complexes. Vitamin D deficiency is most effectively compensated with a combination of vitamins A, C, B, B2, B5, B6, B9, and omega-3 PUFAs. Conclusion. Vitamin and micronutrient deficiencies in women with EPL are an urgent problem in obstetrics. Compensation of micronutrient deficiencies is a pathophysiological approach to reducing the risk of EPL.

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About the authors

Olga A. Gromova

Institute of Pharmacoinformatics, Federal Research Center "Informatics and Management", Russian Academy of Sciences; Center of Big Data Storage and Analysis, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: unesco.gromova@gmail.com
Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Science №ad of the Institute of Pharmacoinformatics, leading researcher of the Department of Intellectual Systems

Ivan Yu. Torshin

Institute of Pharmacoinformatics, Federal Research Center "Informatics and Management", Russian Academy of Sciences; Center of Big Data Storage and Analysis, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: tiy135@ccas.ru
PhD in Applied Mathematics, Institute of Pharmacoinformatics, leading researcher of the Department of Intellectual Systems

Nana K. Tetruashvili

Academician V.I. Kulakov Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: n_tetruashvili@oparina4.ru
Dr. Med. Sci., Head of the 2nd Obstetrics Department of Pathology of Pregnancy

I. I Baranov

Academician V.I. Kulakov Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: i_baranov@oparina4.ru

E. A Gorodnova

Academician V.I. Kulakov Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: e_gorodnova@oparina4.ru

Vera M. Kodentsova

Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology, and Food Safety

Dr. Bio. Sci., Professor, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Vitamins and Microelements

I. Yu Kogan

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology

Natalia I. Tapilskaya

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology; Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: elmozg@mail.ru
Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Leading Researcher of the Department of Assisted Reproductive Technologies

Maria I. Yarmolinskaya

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology; I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University

Email: m.yarmolinskaya@gmail.com
professor of RAS, Dr. Med. Sci., professor, Head of the Department of Gynecology and Endocrinology, Head of Center “Diagnostics and treatment of endometriosis”

Nadezhda V. Bashmakova

Ural Research Institute of Maternal and Infant Care, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: dr@niiomm.ru
Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, Chief Scientific Researcher

Elena V. Mozgovaya

D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology

Dr. Med. Sci., Associate Professor, Head of the Obstetric Department with Perinatology

Tatiana R. Grishina

Ivanovo State Medical Academy, Ministry of Health of Russia

Dr. Med. Sci., ad of the Department of Pharmacology

Nina P. Lapochkina

Ivanovo State Medical Academy, Ministry of Health of Russia

Dr. Med. Sci., Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology

Anna N. Galustyan

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: klinika.spb@gmail.com
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Pharmacology with the course of clinical pharmacology and pharmacoeconomics

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