Obstetrics and GynecologyObstetrics and GynecologyАкушерство и гинекология0300-90922412-5679Bionika Media24842810.18565/aig.2019.3.46-52ArticlesСтатьиResearch ArticleThe impact of the thyroid and its disease on female reproductive functionВлияние щитовидной железы и ее патологии на репродуктивную функцию женщинSmetnikAntonina A.СметникАнтонина Александровна

PhD, senior research scientist, Department of Gynecological Endocrinology

к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник отеделения гинекологической эндокринологии

a_smetnik@oparina4.ruSazonovaAnna I.СазоноваАнна Игоревнаб

PhD, endocrinologist of the Therapeutical Department

к.м.н., врач-эндокринолог терапевтического отделения

anyta_sazonova@mail.ruNational Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov Ministry of Health of RussiaФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации150320193NO3 (2019)№3 (2019)465218022023Copyright ©; 2019, Bionika MediaCopyright ©; 2019, ООО «Бионика Медиа»2019Bionika MediaООО «Бионика Медиа»https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/248428

Thyroid disease is more common in women of reproductive age. The paper reviews modern literature on the impact of autoimmune thyroiditis, hypo- and hyperfunction of the thyroid, as well as its structural changes on the female reproductive system. Autoimmune aggression against thyroid cells is frequently associated with reproductive system diseases and is the most common cause of primary hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is an easily identifiable risk factor for infertility and pregnancy complications, which responds well to drug therapy. Fetal exposure to the elevated levels of maternal thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibodies can stimulate the fetal thyroid and also lead to the development of a number of diseases at a later period. During pregnancy, the thyroid undergoes structural and functional changes. The management tactics depends on the presence of dysfunction and on the benign/malignant nature of the disease.

Патология щитовидной железы (ЩЖ) встречается чаще у женщин репродуктивного возраста. В статье представлен обзор современной литературы, посвященный влиянию аутоиммунного тиреоидита, гипо- и гиперфункции ЩЖ, а также ее структурных изменений на репродуктивную систему женщин. Аутоиммунная агрессия против клеток ЩЖ зачастую ассоциирована с заболеваниями репродуктивной системы и является наиболее частой причиной первичного гипотиреоза. Гипотиреоз является легко выявляемым фактором риска бесплодия и осложнений беременности, который хорошо поддается медикаментозной терапии. Воздействие повышенных уровней гормонов ЩЖ матери на плод и антител к рецепторам ТТГ может стимулировать ЩЖ у плода, а также приводить к развитию ряда заболеваний в более позднем периоде. Во время беременности ЩЖ претерпевает структурные и функциональные изменения. Тактика ведения зависит от наличия нарушения функции и доброкачественного/ злокачественного характера заболевания.

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