<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство и гинекология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0300-9092</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-5679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">249021</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/aig.2020.12.62-66</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Androgen receptors and their uniqueness</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Андрогенные рецепторы и их уникальность</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tskhovrebova</surname><given-names>Linda T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цховребова</surname><given-names>Линда Таймуразовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>clinical resident of the 2nd year of study</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>клинический ординатор 2-го года обучения</p></bio><email>linda.tskhovrebova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevtsova</surname><given-names>Marina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевцова</surname><given-names>Марина Антоновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>clinical resident of the 2nd year of study</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>клинический ординатор 2-го года обучения</p></bio><email>marina_98l995@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aksenenko</surname><given-names>Artem A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аксененко</surname><given-names>Артем Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher of the 1st Gynecology Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>сотрудник 1-го гинекологического отделения</p></bio><email>a_axenenko@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Durinyan</surname><given-names>Evelina R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дуринян</surname><given-names>Эвелина Рубеновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D., Researcher of the 1st Gynecology Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующая по клинической работе 1-го гинекологического отделения</p></bio><email>e_durinyan@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavisova</surname><given-names>Alla A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гависова</surname><given-names>Алла Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D., Senior Researcher of the 1st Gynecology Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник 1-го гинекологического отделения</p></bio><email>gavialla@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><issue>12</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO12 (2020)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№12 (2020)</issue-title><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-02-19"><day>19</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/249021">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/249021</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Androgens and their receptors play an important role in female reproductive function. The potential role of androgens in the female body is determined by the presence of a significant pool of androgen receptors in the tissues of the reproductive system, including the endometrium, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and myometrium. The most impressive advances in the study of androgen receptors have recently been achieved due to an increasing growing attention to androgens, their role in human physiology in both men and women, the expediency of combined hormone therapy with androgens for various conditions accompanied by their deficiency, including for infertility and reproductive failures, in patients with a poor response and a low ovarian reserve and in the postmenopausal period. Conclusion. Thanks to modern biotechnology, the mechanisms underlying the activation of androgen receptors are becoming known, and their potential properties given in this paper are revealed. Discovering the details of the mechanism of action of androgen receptors and their effectors will help search for new methods of diagnosis, prediction, and introduction of personalized treatment regimens.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрогены и их рецепторы играют важную роль в репродуктивной функции женщин. Потенциальная роль андрогенов в женском организме определяется наличием значительного пула андрогенных рецепторов в тканях репродуктивной системы, включая эндометрий, яичники, фаллопиевы трубы и миометрий. Наиболее впечатляющие успехи в изучении андрогенных рецепторов достигнуты в последнее время в связи с растущим вниманием к андрогенам, их роли в физиологии как мужчин, так и женщин, целесообразности проведения комбинированной гормональной терапии с андрогенами при различных состояниях, сопровождающихся их дефицитом, в том числе - при бесплодии и репродуктивных неудачах, у пациенток с «бедным» ответом, низким овариальным резервом и в период постменопаузы. Заключение. Благодаря современной биотехнологии становятся известны механизмы, лежащие в основе активации андрогенных рецепторов, и раскрываются их потенциальные свойства, представленные в данной статье. Открытие деталей механизма действия андрогенных рецепторов и их эффекторов поможет поиску новых методов диагностики, прогнозирования и внедрения персонифицированных схем лечения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>androgen receptors</kwd><kwd>androgens</kwd><kwd>testosterone</kwd><kwd>dihydrotestosterone</kwd><kwd>dehydroepiandrosterone</kwd><kwd>dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate</kwd><kwd>infertility</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>андрогенные рецепторы</kwd><kwd>андрогены</kwd><kwd>тестостерон</kwd><kwd>дигидротестостерон</kwd><kwd>дегидроэ- пиандростерон</kwd><kwd>дегидроэпиандростерон-сульфат</kwd><kwd>бесплодие</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Heinlein C.A., Chang C. Androgen receptor (AR) coregulators: an overview. Endocr. Rev. 2002; 23(2): 175-200. https://dx.doi.org/10.1210/edrv.23.2.0460.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Febbo P.O., Kantoff P.W. Androgen receptor polymorphism and cancer prostate risk. In: Chung L.W.K., Isaacs W.B., Simons J.W., eds. Prostate cancer. Biology, genetics, and the new therapeutics. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2001: 95-110.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Gaughan L., Logan I.R., Cook S., Neal D.E., Robson C.N. Tip60 and histone deacetylase 1 regulate androgen receptor activity through changes to the acetylation status of the receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 2002; 277(29): 25904-13. https://dx.doi.org/ 10.1074/jbc.M203423200.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Knee D.A., Froesch В.A., Nuber U., Takayama S., Reedet J.C. Structure-function analysis of Bagl proteins. Effects on androgen receptor transcriptional activity. J. Biol. Chem. 2001; 276(16): 12718-24. https://dx.doi.org/10.1074/ jbc.M010841200.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Christiaens K., Bevan C.L., Callewaert L., Haelens A., Verrijdt G., Rombauts W. et al. Characterization of the two coactivator-interacting surfaces of the androgen receptor and their relative role in transcriptional control. J. Biol. Chem. 2002; 277(51): 49230-7. https://dx.doi.org/10.1074/ jbc.M209322200.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Smirnov A.N. Nuclear receptors: nomenclature, ligands, mechanisms of their effects on gene expression. Biochemistry (Mosc). 2002; 67(9): 957-77. https:// dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1020545200302.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Liegibel U.M., Sommer U., Boercsoek I., Hilscher U., Bierhaus A., Schweikert H.U. et al. Androgen receptor isoforms AR-A and AR-B display functional differences in cultured human bone cells and genital skin fibroblasts. Steroids. 2003; 68(14): 1179-87. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.steroids.2003.08.016.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Дегтярь В.Г., Кушлинский Н.Е. Метаболизм андрогенов. Успехи современной биологии. 2000; 120(1): 48-59. [Degtyar V.G., Kushlinsky N.E. Metabolism of androgens. Advances in modern biology. 2000; 120: 48. (in Russian)].</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Bruchovsky N. Androgens and antiandrogens. In: Holland J.E., Bast R.C. Jr., Morton D.L., Frei E. III, Kufe D.W., Weichselbaum R.R., eds. Cancer medicine. 4th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins; 1997: 1133-48.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Griffiths K., Morton M.S., Nicholson R.I. Androgens, androgen receptors, antiandrogens and the treatment of prostate cancer. Eur. Urol. 1997; 32(Suppl. 3): 24-40.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Mora G.R., Tindall D.J. Activation of androgen receptor. In: Chung L.W.K., Isaacs W.B., Simons J.W., eds. Prostate cancer. Biology, genetics, and the new therapeutics. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2001: 219-39. https://dx.doi. org/10.1007/978-1-59259-009-4.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Roy A.K., Tyagi R.K., Song C.S., Lavrovsky Y., Ahn S.C., Oh T.S. et al. Androgen receptor: structural domains and functional dynamics after ligand-receptor interaction. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 2001; 949: 44-57. https://dx.doi. org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb04001.x.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Martinez E.D., Danielsen M. Loss of androgen receptor transcriptional activity at the G(1)/S transition. J. Biol. Chem. 2002; 277(33): 29719-29. https://dx.doi. org/ 10.1074/jbc.M112134200.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Celotti F., Melcangi R.C., Martini L. The 5 alpha-reductase in brain: molecular aspects and relation to brain function. Front. Neuroendocrinol. 1992; 13(2): 163-215.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Lin T.M., Chang C. Cloning and characterization of TDD5, an androgen target gene that is differentially repressed by testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1997; 94(10): 4988-93. https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/ pnas.94.10.4988.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Walters K.A. Role of androgens in normal and pathological ovarian function. Reproduction. 2015; 149(4): R193-218. https://dx.doi.org/10.1530/ REP-14-0517.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Davison S.L., Davis S.R. Androgens in women. J. Steroid Biochem. Molec. Biol. 2003; 85(2-5): 363-6. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-0760(03)00204-8.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Miller W.L., Auchus R.J. The molecular biology, biochemistry, and physiology of human steroidogenesis and its disorders. Endocr. Rev. 2011; 32(1): 81-151. https://dx.doi.org/10.1210/er.2010-0013.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Leinonen P., Ruokonen A., Kontturi M., Vihko R. Effects of estrogen treatment on human testicula unconjugated steroid and steroid sulfate production in vivo. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1981; 53(3): 569-73. https://dx.doi.org/10.1210/ jcem-53-3-569.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Kalimi M., Regelson W. Physicochemical characterization of [3H] DHAE binding in rat liver. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1988; 156(1): 22-9. https://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/s0006-291x(88)80800-3.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Davison S.L., Bell R., Donath S., Montalto J.G., Davis S.R. Androgen levels in adult females: changes with age, menopause, and oophorectomy. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2005; 90(7): 3847-53. https://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2005-0212.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Крстич Е.В., Краснопольская К.В., Кабанова Д.И. Новые подходы к повышению эффективности ЭКО у женщин старшего репродуктивного возраста. Акушерство и гинекология. 2010; 2: 48-53.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Davison S.L., Bell R., Donath S., Montalto J.G., Davis S.R. Androgen levels in adult females: changes with age, menopause, and oophorectomy. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2005; 90(7): 3847-53. https://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2005-0212</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Bar ad D.H., Gleicher N. Increased oocyte production after treatment with dehydroepiandrosterone. Fertil. Steril. 2005; 84(3): 756. https://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.02.049</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
