Obstetrics and GynecologyObstetrics and GynecologyАкушерство и гинекология0300-90922412-5679Bionika Media27421910.18565/aig.2022.1.48-54ArticlesСтатьиReview ArticlePhysical activity and stress urinary incontinence: versions and contraversionsФизическая активность и стрессовое недержание мочи: версии и контраверсииKorotkevichOlesya S.КороткевичОлеся Сергеевна

obstetrician-gynecologist

врач акушер-гинеколог

olesya.korotkevich@inbox.ruMozesVadim G.МозесВадим Гельевич

Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology named after GA. Ushakova

д.м.н., профессор, кафедра акушерства и гинекологии им. Г.А. Ушаковой

vadimmoses@gmail.comMozesKira B.МозесКира Борисовна

Assistant, Department of Polyclinic Therapy and Nursing

ассистент, кафедра поликлинической терапии и сестринского дела

kbsolo@mail.ruEizenakhIgor A.ЭйзенахИгорь Александрович

MD, PhD, urologist

к.м.н., врач-уролог

A.A. Lutsik Novokuznetsk City Clinical Hospital No. 29ГБУЗ «Новокузнецкая городская клиническая больница №29 им. А.А. Луцика»Kemerovo State Medical University Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииG.P. Kurbatov Novokuznetsk City Clinical Hospital No. 1ГАУЗ «Новокузнецкая городская клиническая больница №1 им. Г.П. Курбатова»150120221NO1 (2022)№1 (2022)485422022023Copyright ©; 2022, Bionika MediaCopyright ©; 2022, ООО «Бионика Медиа»2022Bionika MediaООО «Бионика Медиа»https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/274219

Objective: To determine the impact of physical activity on the pelvic floor muscles in women. Materials and methods: The review provides scientific evidence over the past 5 years regarding the impact of physical activity on stress urinary incontinence. Results: Sports and fitness are associated with stress urinary incontinence in women. Stress urinary incontinence is most common during aerobic exercise associated with shock to the lower extremities: volleyball, running, and trampolining. The pathophysiology of this problem is associated with two key factors: an increase in intraabdominal pressure and a failure of the pelvic floor muscles, which is common in women involved in sports. Unlike specialized exercises, general exercise is not only inappropriate for strengthening the pelvic floor muscles, but it also increases the likelihood of pelvic floor prolapse. Conclusion: The benefits of an active lifestyle for women, such as prevention of many diseases and improvement of health and quality of life, substantially tackle the problem caused by stress urinary incontinence. Strategies are being actively developed to reduce the incidence of stress urinary incontinence in women involved in sports.

Цель: Определить влияние физической активности на мышцы тазового дна у женщин. Материалы и методы: В обзоре приведены научные данные за последние 5 лет, касающиеся влияния физической активности на стрессовое недержание мочи. Результаты: Занятия спортом и фитнесом ассоциированы у женщин со стрессовым недержанием мочи. Чаще всего стрессовое недержание мочи встречается при аэробных нагрузках, связанных с ударным воздействием на нижние конечности: волейбол, бег, батут. Патофизиология данной проблемы связана с двумя ключевыми факторами - повышением внутрибрюшного давления и недостаточностью мышц тазового дна, часто встречающегося у женщин, занимающихся спортом. В отличие от специализированных упражнений, общие физические упражнения не только не подходят для укрепления мышц тазового дна, но и увеличивают вероятность пролапса тазового дна. Заключение: Преимущества активного образа жизни у женщин - профилактика множества заболеваний, улучшение здоровья и качества жизни - существенно перекрывают проблему, обусловленную стрессовым недержанием мочи. Активно развиваются стратегии, направленные на снижение частоты стрессового недержания мочи у женщин, занимающихся спортом.

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