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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство и гинекология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0300-9092</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-5679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">332896</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/aig.2022.273</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Current state of anesthesia for labor</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современное состояние проблемы обезболивания родов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pismensky</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Письменский</surname><given-names>Сергей Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doctor at the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Assistant at the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач отделения анестезиологии и реанимации, ассистент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии</p></bio><email>smsu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zolotareva</surname><given-names>Lyubov S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Золотарева</surname><given-names>Любовь Святославовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Junior Researcher, Department of Pediatric Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, Research Institute of Clinical Surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., м.н.с. отдела детской реконструктивной и пластической хирургии НИИ клинической хирургии</p></bio><email>l_zolotareva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Baev</surname><given-names>Oleg R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баев</surname><given-names>Олег Радомирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of the 1st Maternity Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, руководитель 1-го родильного отделения</p></bio><email>metod_obsgyn@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdulaev</surname><given-names>Akhmed M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдулаев</surname><given-names>Ахмед Магомедович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>resident of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ординатор отделения анестезиологии и реанимации</p></bio><email>scars225@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Darbinyan</surname><given-names>Volodya O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дарбинян</surname><given-names>Володя Оникович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>resident of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ординатор отделения анестезиологии и реанимации</p></bio><email>darbinyan196@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyregov</surname><given-names>Alexey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пырегов</surname><given-names>Алексей Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of the Department of Аnesthesiology and Resuscitation, Director of the Institute of Аnesthesiology of Resuscitation and Transfusiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заведующий отделением анестезиологии и реанимации, директор института анестезиологии реаниматологии и трансфузиологии</p></bio><email>a_pyregov@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-04-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-04-15"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-04-15"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/332896">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/332896</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>The review considers rational methods to control pain during labor, which are the leading criteria for the standards of modern obstetrics. There are various pharmacological and non-pharmacological options for pain relief. The current neuraxial techniques are the gold standard for adequately relieving labor pain and, when used correctly in practice, for providing safety for the mother and fetus. Systemic opioids, including meperidine (pethidine), fentanyl, and more recently remifentanil, are used to avoid or delay neuraxial analgesia or when the latter is contraindicated. The non-drug methods for labor pain relief include relaxation and respiratory maneuvers, prenatal education programs, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, acupressure, aromatherapy, and hypnosis. There are a number of indications and contraindications to each analgesia technique that requires a differential approach and must be chosen individually for each parturient woman, by taking into account her somatic status. The dural puncture epidural (DPE) technique, a novel method of labor analgesia, has recently gained popularity following a basic study comparing standard epidural analgesia and combined spinal epidural analgesia with DPE for labor pain relief. Compared to the traditional landmark-based approach, neuraxial ultrasound is associated with fewer technical failures and traumatic placements, as well as with the fewer insertions and redirections of an epidural needle. Patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) with a programmed intermittent epidural bolus (PIEB) is a preferred supportive therapy option that provides effective patient-centered labor analgesia. To date, there is no ideal labor pain relief method that can be applied to all clinical cases.</italic></p> <p><bold><italic>Conclusion:</italic></bold><italic> The current neuraxial techniques are the gold standard for optimal provision of labor pain relief and, when used correctly, are associated with maternal and fetal/neonatal safety. The use of neuraxial techniques, such as combined spinal epidural anesthesia or DPE may have advantages over the standard epidural analgesia. It is necessary to further investigate labor pain relief options with the safest methods and drugs.</italic></p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>В обзоре рассматриваются рациональные методы обезболивания родовой деятельности, которые являются ведущими критериями современных стандартов акушерства. Существуют различные фармакологические и немедикаментозные варианты обезболивания. Современные нейроаксиальные методы являются золотым стандартом для адекватного обезболивания родов и при правильном применении в практической деятельности обеспечивают безопасность для матери и плода. Системные опиоиды, включая меперидин (петидин), фентанил и, в последнее время, ремифентанил, используются, чтобы избежать или отсрочить применение нейроаксиальной анальгезии либо когда она противопоказана. Немедикаментозные методы облегчения родовой боли включают в себя релаксацию и дыхательные упражнения, дородовые образовательные программы, чрескожную электрическую стимуляцию нервов, акупрессуру/иглоукалывание, ароматерапию и гипноз. Каждый метод анальгезии имеет ряд своих показаний и противопоказаний, требуя дифференциального подхода, подбирается индивидуально для каждой роженицы, учитывая ее соматический статус. Новый подход, называемый эпидуральной анальгезией с пункцией твердой мозговой оболочки (DPE), недавно приобрел популярность после краеугольного исследования, в котором сравнивали стандартную эпидуральную анальгезию и комбинированную спинально-эпидуральную анальгезию с эпидуральной анальгезией с пункцией твердой мозговой оболочки для обезболивания родов. По сравнению с традиционным подходом на основе ориентиров нейроаксиальное УЗИ связано с меньшей частотой технических отказов и травматичного введения, а также с меньшим количеством вводов и перенаправлений эпидуральной иглы. PCEA на фоне PIEB представляет собой предпочтительный метод поддерживающей терапии, обеспечивающий эффективную, ориентированную на пациента анальгезию родов. На сегодняшний момент не существует идеального метода обезболивания родов, который можно было бы применить для всех клинических случаев.</italic></p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение:</italic></bold><italic> Современные нейроаксиальные методы являются золотым стандартом для оптимального обеспечения обезболивания родов и при правильном применении связаны с безопасностью для матери и плода/неонатального периода. Использование нейроаксиальных методов, таких как комбинированная спинально-эпидуральная анестезия или DPE, может иметь преимущества перед стандартной эпидуральной анальгезией. Необходимо дальнейшее изучение методов обезболивания родов наиболее безопасными методиками и препаратами.</italic></p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neuraxial anesthesia techniques</kwd><kwd>epidural analgesia</kwd><kwd>dural puncture epidural techniques</kwd><kwd>combined spinal epidural anesthesia</kwd><kwd>labor activity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейроаксиальные методы обезболивания</kwd><kwd>эпидуральная анальгезия</kwd><kwd>эпидуральная пункция твердой мозговой оболочки</kwd><kwd>комбинированная спинально-эпидуральная анестезия</kwd><kwd>родовая деятельность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dynamics of changes in the population of the Earth in 2022. Available at: https://countrymeters.info/ru Accessed 04.20.2022. 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