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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство и гинекология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0300-9092</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-5679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">340796</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/aig.2023.43</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Guidelines for the Practitioner</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В помощь практическому врачу</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Modern ideas about the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современные представления о диагностике и лечении эндометриоза</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubrovina</surname><given-names>Svetlana O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубровина</surname><given-names>Светлана Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology No. 1; Chief Researcher, Obstetrics and Pediatrics Research Institute; Professor at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with the course IDPO</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, главный н.с. НИИАП; профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии №1; профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с курсом ИДПО</p></bio><email>s.dubrovina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Berlim</surname><given-names>Yulia D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Берлим</surname><given-names>Юлия Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Deputy Chief Physician for Medical Affairs; Associate Professor at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with the course IDPO</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заместитель главного врача по медицинской части; доцент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с курсом ИДПО</p></bio><email>juliaberlim@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alexandrina</surname><given-names>Anna D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Александрина</surname><given-names>Анна Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>obstetrician-gynecologist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач акушер-гинеколог</p></bio><email>anna221215@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vovkochina</surname><given-names>Marina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вовкочина</surname><given-names>Мария Ахмедовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>obstetrician-gynecologist, Obstetrics and Pediatrics Research Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач акушер-гинеколог</p></bio><email>jordan-85@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogunova</surname><given-names>Diana Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богунова</surname><given-names>Диана Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>obstetrician-gynecologist, Obstetrics and Pediatrics Research Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач акушер-гинеколог</p></bio><email>bogunovadi@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gimbut</surname><given-names>Vitaliy S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гимбут</surname><given-names>Виталий Станиславович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, obstetrician-gynecologist &amp; ultrasound imaging, Head of the Ultrasound Imaging Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач ультразвуковой диагностики, заведующий отделением УЗД</p></bio><email>med@rostov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bozhinskaya</surname><given-names>Darya M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Божинская</surname><given-names>Дарья Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>obstetrician-gynecologist, Obstetrics and Pediatrics Research Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач акушер-гинеколог, НИИАП</p></bio><email>dasha.bozhinskaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Rostov State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Ростовский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Rostov-on-Don City Hospital No. 6</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">МБУЗ «Городская больница № 6 г. Ростова-на-Дону»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Rostov-on-Don City Emergency Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">МБУЗ «Городская больница скорой медицинской помощи г. Ростова-на-Дону»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Professor Bushtyreva’s Clinic LLC</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «Клиника профессора Буштыревой»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-04-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>146</fpage><lpage>153</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-04-18"><day>18</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-04-18"><day>18</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/340796">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/340796</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Over 100 years ago, endometriosis was described as endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. There are many theories to explain endometriosis. Understanding the pathogenesis of any disease helps find the key to treatment. The evidence-based approach to endometriosis requires special consideration. Endometriosis is often ruled out because of the negative results of studies, including imaging, which results in a well-known diagnostic delay in the disease. Drug therapy is offered to relieve pain, to prevent new lesions or recurrences, and is prescribed as a self-treatment or as a second stage after surgery. In Russia, hormone therapy for endometriosis is used by only 24% of the women, for whom this is indicated. Informing women about their disease, the duration of treatment, possible side effects of hormone therapy, and ways to solve these problems will be able to reduce the risk of self-discontinuation of drugs and subsequent recurrences of endometriosis. Gestagen monotherapy to minimize the risk of progression of endometrioid lesions seems to be a more reasonable solution in the treatment of patients. The possible growth of lesions during therapy should be monitored and, if pain relief is inadequate, other options should be considered. Dydrogesterone is highly effective and safe in endometriosis; this allows you to take into account all the wishes of patients, which makes it possible to continue treatment for endometriosis for a long time before and after implementing reproductive plans, as well as before menopause.</italic></p> <p><bold><italic>Conclusion:</italic></bold><italic> Understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of endometriosis, timely diagnosis, and prescription of effective therapy with a high safety profile and with the ability to individually approach each patient will be able to alleviate symptoms, to improve quality of life, and to reduce the risk of recurrences in women suffering from this pathology.</italic></p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Эндометриоз был описан более 100 лет назад как «эндометриоподобная ткань» вне матки. Для объяснения эндометриоза существует множество теорий. Понимание патогенеза любого заболевания помогает найти ключ к лечению. Подход доказательной медицины к эндометриозу требует особого рассмотрения. Часто эндометриоз исключают из-за отрицательных результатов исследований, включая визуализацию, что приводит к хорошо известной диагностической задержке заболевания. Медикаментозная терапия предлагается для купирования боли, предотвращения новых поражений или рецидивов, назначается в качестве самостоятельного лечения либо как второй этап после хирургии. Только 24% женщин в настоящее время в России принимают гормональную терапию при эндометриозе из числа тех, кому она показана. Информирование женщин об их заболевании, длительности лечения, возможных побочных явлениях гормональной терапии и пути решения этих проблем позволит снизить риск самостоятельной отмены препаратов и последующих рецидивов эндометриоза. Монотерапия гестагенами для минимизации риска прогрессирования эндометриоидных поражений представляется более разумным решением при лечении пациенток. Следует контролировать возможный рост поражений во время терапии и, если обезболивание неадекватно, рассмотреть другие варианты. Дидрогестерон высокоэффективен и безопасен при эндометриозе, позволяет максимально учесть все пожелания пациенток, что дает возможность продолжать лечение эндометриоза длительно до реализации репродуктивных планов и после, а также до наступления менопаузы.</italic></p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение:</italic></bold><italic> Понимание этиологии и патогенеза эндометриоза, своевременная постановка диагноза и назначение эффективной терапии с высоким профилем безопасности и с возможностью индивидуального подхода к каждой пациентке позволят нивелировать симптоматику, улучшить качество жизни и снизить риск рецидивов у женщин, страдающих данной патологией.</italic></p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endometriosis</kwd><kwd>pain</kwd><kwd>infertility</kwd><kwd>laparoscopy</kwd><kwd>recurrence</kwd><kwd>dydrogesterone</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эндометриоз</kwd><kwd>боль</kwd><kwd>бесплодие</kwd><kwd>лапароскопия</kwd><kwd>рецидив</kwd><kwd>дидрогестерон</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Amro B., Aristondo M.E.R., Alsuwaidi S., Almaamari B., Hakim Z., Tahlak M. et al. 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