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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство и гинекология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0300-9092</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-5679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">624683</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/aig.2023.220</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The role of chromosomal abnormalities in fetal congenital heart defects</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль хромосомных аномалий при врожденных пороках сердца плода</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1444-9071</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pak</surname><given-names>Viсtoriia S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пак</surname><given-names>Виктория Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>post-graduate student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><email>v_pak@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9201-2281</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tetruashvili</surname><given-names>Nana K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тетруашвили</surname><given-names>Нана Картлосовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Head of the Obstetric Department of Pregnancy Pathology No. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., руководитель 2-го отделения акушерского патологии беременности</p></bio><email>n_tetruashvili@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8898-9612</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bokeriya</surname><given-names>Ekaterina L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бокерия</surname><given-names>Екатерина Леонидовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Researcher at the Department of Patology of Newborn and Prematurely-Born Children No. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., научный сотрудник 2-го отделения патологии новорожденных и недоношенных детей</p></bio><email>e_bokeriya@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4383-7428</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shubina</surname><given-names>Jekaterina</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шубина</surname><given-names>Екатерина</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Bio.), Head of the Laboratory of Genomic Data Analysis</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., заведующая лабораторией биоинформатического анализа геномных данных Института репродуктивной генетики</p></bio><email>e_shubina@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6754-3833</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaretskaya</surname><given-names>Nadezhda V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зарецкая</surname><given-names>Надежда Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Head of the Laboratory of Clinical Genetics of the Institute of Reproductive Genetics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующая, врач-генетик отделения клинической генетики Института репродуктивной генетики</p></bio><email>n_zaretskaya@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7508-0899</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bolshakova</surname><given-names>Anna S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Большакова</surname><given-names>Анна Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>geneticist, Department of Clinical Genetics of the Institute of Reproductive Genetics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-генетик отделения клинической генетики Института репродуктивной генетики</p></bio><email>a_bolshakova@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3160-8737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyushnina</surname><given-names>Daria G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Люшнина</surname><given-names>Дарья Геннадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>post-graduate student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><email>d_lyushnina@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3790-0427</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>Maria V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Мария Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Bio.), Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Methods of the Institute of Reproductive Genetics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., с.н.с. лаборатории молекулярно-генетически методов Института репродуктивной генетики</p></bio><email>mkarja@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailovskaya</surname><given-names>Galina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайловская</surname><given-names>Галина Валентиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>biologist at the Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Methods of the Institute of Reproductive Genetics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>биолог лаборатории молекулярно-генетически методов Института репродуктивной генетики</p></bio><email>g_mikhailovskaia@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5144-6307</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sadelov</surname><given-names>Igor O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саделов</surname><given-names>Игорь Олегович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>geneticist, Laboratory of Genomic Data Analysis</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-генетик лаборатории биоинформатического анализа геномных данных Института репродуктивной генетики</p></bio><email>a_sadelov@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1569-8486</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Trofimov</surname><given-names>Dmitriy Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трофимов</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Bio. Sci., Professor of the RAS, Corresponding Member of the RAS, Director of the Institute of Reproductive Genetics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., профессор РАН, чл.-корр. РАН, директор Института репродуктивной генетики</p></bio><email>d_trofimov@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-10-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><issue>10</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>86</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-12-15"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-12-15"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/624683">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/624683</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Objective:</bold> The objective of this study was to investigate the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in various nosological forms of fetal congenital heart defects (CHDs).</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods:</bold> The study included 72 pregnant women who received a prenatal diagnosis of fetal CHD. Between 15 and 30 weeks of pregnancy, the women underwent invasive prenatal diagnostic procedures. Fetal DNA testing was performed in two stages. The first stage was detection of abnormalities in chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y using polymerase chain reaction analysis of short-tandem repeat (STR) markers (STR-PCR). The second stage was chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA).</p> <p><bold>Results:</bold> Among 72 women, congenital heart defects were found in combination with chromosomal abnormalities in 16 сases (22.2% of total cases). Of them, trisomy 21 was identified in 4 cases (5.6%), trisomy 18 in 2 cases (2.8%), microdeletion from chromosome 22 in 8 cases (11.1%), microdeletion from chromosome 12 in 1 case (1.4%), microdeletion from chromosome 1 in 1 case (1.4%). Additionally, aneuploidies were detected in 6 cases (8.3%) using quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR), and all copy number variations were confirmed by chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) in 10 cases (13.9%).</p> <p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> The study found that fetal congenital heart defects were associated with chromosomal abnormalities in 22% of cases (in 16 cases out of 72). The majority of abnormalities were related to pathogenic gene copy number variants in 62.5% of cases (in 10 cases out of 16). Based on the findings, the preferred invasive method of prenatal diagnostics should be considered to be chromosomal microarray analysis, as it provides comprehensive genetic information.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель:</bold> Изучить частоту встречаемости хромосомных аномалий при различных нозологических формах врожденных пороков сердца (ВПС) плода.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы:</bold> В исследование включено 72 пациентки с ВПС плода. На сроке от 15 до 30 недель пациенткам была проведена инвазивная пренатальная диагностика. Исследование ДНК материала плодов проводилось в 2 этапа: 1-й – выявление аномалий хромосом 13, 18, 21, Х, Y с помощью STR маркеров методом ПЦР, 2-й – хромосомный микроматричный анализ (ХМА).</p> <p><bold>Результаты: </bold>ВПС в сочетании с хромосомной патологией выявлен в 16/72 (22,2%) случаях, из них: трисомия хромосомы 21 – 4/72 (5,6%), трисомия хромосомы 18 – 2/72(2,8%), микроделеция хромосомы 22 – 8/72 (11,1%), микроделеция хромосомы 12 – 1/72(1,4%), микроделеция хромосомы 1 – 1/72 (1,4%). Анеуплоидии в 6/72 (8,3%) случаях были выявлены методом QF-ПЦР, все вариации числа копий были определены методом ХМА 10/72 (13,9%).</p> <p><bold>Заключение:</bold> ВПС плода сопряжены с хромосомными аномалиями в 22% (16/72) случаев, большая часть из них относится к патогенным вариациям числа копий генов (62,5%, 10/16). Методом выбора при проведении инвазивной пренатальной диагностики является ХМА.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>congenital heart defect</kwd><kwd>chromosomal abnormality</kwd><kwd>22q11.2 deletion syndrome</kwd><kwd>chromosomal microarray analysis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>врожденный порок сердца</kwd><kwd>хромосомная патология</kwd><kwd>синдром делеции хромосомы 22</kwd><kwd>хромосомный микроматричный анализ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Funding: The study was carried out within the frames of the State Assignment on the topic “Development of test-system for prenatal diagnostics of fetal cardiac pathology”</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Государственное задание по теме «Разработка тест-системы для пренатальной диагностики кардиопатологии плода»</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Саперова Е.В., Вахлова И.В. 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