Obstetrics and GynecologyObstetrics and GynecologyАкушерство и гинекология0300-90922412-5679Bionika Media62588610.18565/aig.2023.253ReviewsОбзорыReview ArticleMagnetic resonance imaging in the planning and monitoring of the treatment of cervical cancerВозможности магнитно-резонансной томографии в планировании и мониторинге лечения рака шейки маткиhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4768-115X24460923200P-8659-2015SolopovaAlina E.СолоповаАлина Евгеньевна
Russian Federation

Dr. Med. Sci., Leading Researcher, Radiology Department, Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Professor, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatal Medicine, Sechenov University, Ministry of Health of Russia

д.м.н., в.н.с. отдела лучевой диагностики, Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. академика В.И. Кулакова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации

dr.solopova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-4744-0422BendzhenovaBova B.БендженоваБова Батнасановна
Russian Federation

MD, obstetrician-gynecologist, Gynecological Department, Botkin City Clinical Hospital

врач акушер-гинеколог, онколог гинекологического отделения, Городская клиническая больница им. С.П. Боткина Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»

dr.solopova@mail.ruAcademician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of RussiaФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииBotkin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare DepartmentГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница имени С.П. Боткина Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»301220231247582201202422012024Copyright ©; 2023, Bionika MediaCopyright ©; 2023, ООО «Бионика Медиа»2023Bionika MediaООО «Бионика Медиа»https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/625886

Cervical cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer morbidity and mortality among the female population worldwide. The prognosis as well as the choice of therapy depends on the initial assessment of the extent of the tumor spread. The latter is mainly determined with the use of methods of radiologic diagnostics: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography and multispiral computed tomography. These methods also play one of the leading roles in assessing the treatment response. The updated classification of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO, 2018) recognizes the value of imaging in cervical cancer, in particular MRI, before, during and after antitumor treatment. The development of medical imaging and the search for new biomarkers will increase the prognostic value in assessing the response to therapy, identifying residual tumors and relapse of the disease.

This review presents the relevant information on the possibilities and limitations, the place of MRI in the complex diagnostic algorithm at the stage of primary assessment of the tumor process, the choice of tactics and analysis of the effectiveness of cervical cancer treatment. Different data bases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, eLibrary, Scopus, NCCN, ESUR, ACR, were searched. We analyzed the studies results on the use of noninvasive imaging techniques at the stage of primary diagnosis, assessing the effectiveness of treatment and its prognosis in patients with cervical cancer. The diagnostic opportunities and limitations of MRI in the cervical cancer diagnosis are summarized in our review. Due to the high soft tissue contrast, MRI is the method of choice in assessing the response to therapy, predicting treatment and further monitoring.

Conclusion: Noninvasive imaging plays a leading role in the primary diagnosis of cervical cancer. Further research is needed to overcome the difficulties of staging, monitoring the response to therapy and detecting relapse of the disease.

Рак шейки матки (РШМ) остается одной из ведущих причин онкологической заболеваемости и смертности среди женского населения во всем мире. Прогноз заболевания, а также выбор терапии зависят от первоначальной оценки и распространенности опухолевого процесса. Последнее во многом определяется использованием методов лучевой диагностики – магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ), позитронно-эмиссионной томографии и мультиспиральной компьютерной томографии.

Изучена актуальная информация о возможностях и ограничениях, месте МРТ в комплексном диагностическом алгоритме на этапе первичной оценки опухолевого процесса, выборе тактики и анализа эффективности лечения РШМ. Был проведен поиск литературы по базам данных PubМed/MEDLINE, eLibrary, Scopus, в ресурсах NCCN, ESUR, ACR. Изучены опубликованные работы по использованию неинвазивных методов визуализации на этапе первичной диагностики, в оценке эффективности лечения и его прогнозировании у пациенток с РШМ. Обобщены диагностические возможности и ограничения МРТ в диагностике РШМ. Благодаря высокому контрастированию мягких тканей МРТ является методом выбора в оценке местного распространения опухолевого процесса и ответа на противоопухолевую терапию. Представлены опубликованные подходы к прогнозированию эффективности лечения и возможности дальнейшего мониторинга пациенток.

Заключение: Неинвазивная визуализация играет ведущую роль в первичной диагностике РШМ. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования в преодолении трудностей стадирования, мониторинга ответа на терапию и выявления рецидива заболевания.

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