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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство и гинекология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0300-9092</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-5679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">631614</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/aig.2023.226</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">COVID-19-associated placental damage</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Ассоциированное с COVID-19 поражение плаценты</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7260-4629</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pilkevich</surname><given-names>Natalya B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пилькевич</surname><given-names>Наталья Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med), Professor of the Department of Pathology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры патологии</p></bio><email>pilkevich@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4410-9318</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Markovskaya</surname><given-names>Vera A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марковская</surname><given-names>Вера Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Bio), Head of the Department of Pathology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., заведующая кафедрой патологии</p></bio><email>markovskaya@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0887-2378</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khabibullin</surname><given-names>Ruslan R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хабибуллин</surname><given-names>Руслан Равильевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Lecturer of the Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Head of the Pathological Anatomy Department of Immunohistochemistry, pathologist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший преподаватель кафедры анатомии и гистологии человека, заведующий патологоанатомическим отделением иммуногистохимии, врач-патологоанатом</p></bio><email>habibullin@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yavorskaya</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яворская</surname><given-names>Ольга Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>teacher of the Medical College</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>преподаватель медицинского колледжа</p></bio><email>yavorskaya@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3087-0037</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>Anastasia P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Анастасия Павловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>student of the Medical Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка медицинского института</p></bio><email>1330007@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Belgorod State National Research University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Belgorod Pathological Anatomy Bureau</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ОГБУЗ «Белгородское патологоанатомическое бюро»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-03-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>13</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-05-03"><day>03</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-05-03"><day>03</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/631614">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/631614</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Modern society has faced the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which has become a serious global threat to public health. This infection had a significant impact on the healthcare systems around the world. The article analyzes the literature sources on the pathogenesis of placentitis in COVID-19.</p> <p>During the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) identified pregnant women as a vulnerable group in terms of morbidity, and pregnancy was recognized as a risk factor for the severity of the infection.</p> <p>SARS-CoV-2 placentitis is a severe and rare damage to the placenta, which is due to the infectious and immunological factors. They can cause severe and diffuse placental parenchymal destruction that can affect &gt;75% of the placenta.</p> <p>Viral particles attach to the villous trophoblast and destroy it. There is a complement activation, which contributes to the activation of hemostasis and leads to coagulopathy, as well as microvascular damage. The infected syncytiotrophoblast is damaged through complete or incomplete apoptosis. The persistent high level of the virus in the syncytiotrophoblast can lead to prolonged generation of complement fragments, cytokines of inflammatory origin and other chemotactic factors; it may cause a monocyte-macrophage inflammatory reaction, which further exacer-bates placental dysfunction.</p> <p>Conclusion: COVID-19 infection can lead to the development of placental damage, pregnancy complications, including premature birth, preeclampsia, miscarriages, fetal growth retardation and stillbirth.</p> <p>SARS-CoV-2 placentitis occurs due to direct cytotoxicity after virus replication in the syncytiotrophoblast and manifests in three ways: histiocytic intervillositis, perivillous fibrin deposition and trophoblast necrosis.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Современное общество столкнулось с коронавирусным заболеванием (COVID-19), которое стало серьезной глобальной угрозой здоровью населения и оказало значительную нагрузку на систему здравоохранения во всем мире. В статье проанализированы литературные источники с изучением патогенеза плацентита при COVID-19.</p> <p>В условиях пандемии COVID-19 Всемирная организация здравоохранения определила беременных женщин как уязвимую группу по заболеваемости, а беременность была признана фактором риска тяжести протекания инфекции.</p> <p>Плацентит SARS-CoV-2 является тяжелым и редко встречающимся повреждением плаценты, имеющим инфекционную и иммунологическую основу, которая может вызвать тяжелую и диффузную деструкцию паренхимы &gt;75% плаценты.</p> <p>Вирусные частицы прикрепляются к ворсинчатому трофобласту и разрушают его, вызывая активацию комплемента, что способствует активации гемостаза и приводит к коагулопатии, а также микрососудистому повреждению. Инфицированный синцитиотрофобласт повреждается по пути полного или неполного апоптоза. Сохраняющийся высокий уровень вируса в синцитиотрофобласте может приводить к продолжению генерации фрагментов комплемента, цитокинов воспалительного происхождения и других хемотаксических факторов, вызывая моноцитарно-макрофагальную воспалительную реакцию, которая еще больше усугубляет плацентарную дисфункцию.</p> <p>Заключение: Инфекция COVID-19 может приводить к развитию поражения плаценты, осложнениям беременности, включая преждевременные роды, преэклампсию, выкидыши, задержку роста плода и мертворождение.</p> <p>Плацентит SARS-CoV-2 возникает из-за прямой цитотоксичности в результате репликации вируса в синцитиотрофобласте и проявляется триадой: гистиоцитарным интервиллезитом, перивиллезным отложением фибрина и некрозом трофобластов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>placenta</kwd><kwd>syncytiotrophoblast</kwd><kwd>pathogenesis</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>плацента</kwd><kwd>синцитиотрофобласт</kwd><kwd>патогенез</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Sekulovski M., Bogdanova-Petrova S., Peshevska-Sekulovska M., Velikova T., Georgiev T. 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