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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство и гинекология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0300-9092</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-5679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">632076</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/aig.2024.4</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Recurrence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: modern view on the problem</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рецидивирование цервикальной интраэпителиальной неоплазии: современный взгляд на проблему</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0544-8184</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Klinyshkova</surname><given-names>Tatiana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клинышкова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Professor of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор, д.м.н., профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии №1</p></bio><email>klin_tatyana@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8413-3809</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Buyan</surname><given-names>Maria S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буян</surname><given-names>Мария Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, obstetrician-gynecologist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>акушер-гинеколог, к.м.н.</p></bio><email>mam_agata@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2853-0471</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Samosudova</surname><given-names>Irina B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самосудова</surname><given-names>Ирина Болеславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, obstetrician-gynecologist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>акушер-гинеколог, к.м.н.</p></bio><email>i.samosudova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Omsk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Gynecological Hospital, Omsk</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">БУЗОО «Гинекологическая больница», Омск</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinical Diagnostic Center "Ultramed"</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Клинико-диагностический центр «Ультрамед»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-04-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-05-16"><day>16</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-05-16"><day>16</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/632076">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/632076</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Despite the high effectiveness of excision treatment in patients with CIN 2+, there is an increased risk of cervical cancer in patients who underwent treatment. An increased risk of cervical cancer is associated with the recurrence of precancerous lesions, which reaches 14.4%. A number of scientific studies have proven that a woman’s age, CIN at resection margins, positive HPV test, and abnormal cytology after treatment are predictors of the CIN recurrence. Given the correlation of the persistence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) after conization with the risk of recurrence, it is necessary to repeat a negative HPV test in the dynamics of observation. It was possible to identify the independent risk factors for the persistence/recurrence of CIN using the assessment of the status of the CIN excision margins. These factors are a positive endocervical margin or both resection margins in comparison with the ectocervical margin. The combination of a positive resection margin and persistence of HPV type 16 significantly increases the risk of the persistence/recurrence of CIN 2+. A negative co-test after conization in the dynamics of observation contributes to a favorable prognosis. In order to prevent the recurrence, it is proposed to use a preventive HPV vaccine after excision treatment of CIN that can reduce the development of the CIN 2+ recurrence. The results of the studies show to date that it is necessary to continue the search for optimization of vaccination.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> A multi-stage comprehensive approach, which includes the detection of cervical papillomavirus infection after excision treatment of CIN, assessment of the radicality of resection, as well as the subsequent active monitoring, makes it possible to prevent the recurrence and progression of precancerous lesions of the cervix.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Несмотря на высокую эффективность эксцизионного лечения при CIN 2+, отмечается повышение риска рака шейки матки (РШМ) у пролеченных пациенток. Повышенный риск РШМ в сравнении с популяционным связывают с рецидивированием предрака, которое достигает 14,4%. Рядом научных исследований доказано, что возраст женщины, CIN в краях резекции, позитивный ВПЧ-тест, аномальная цитология после лечения являются предикторами рецидива CIN. Учитывая корреляцию персистенции вируса папилломы человека (ВПЧ) высокого риска после конизации с риском рецидива, обоснована необходимость повторного негативного ВПЧ-теста в динамике наблюдения. Оценка статуса краев иссечения CIN позволила установить, что независимыми факторами риска персистенции/рецидива CIN является положительный эндоцервикальный край или оба края резекции в сравнении с эктоцервикальным краем. Сочетание положительного секционного края и персистенции ВПЧ 16 типа значительно повышает риск персистенции/рецидива CIN 2+. Негативный ко-тест после конизации в динамике наблюдения способствует благоприятному прогнозу. С целью профилактики рецидива предлагается использование профилактической вакцины против ВПЧ после эксцизионного лечения CIN, что снижает развитие рецидива CIN 2+. Опубликованные на сегодняшний день результаты исследований свидетельствуют о необходимости продолжения поиска оптимизации вакцинации.</p> <p><bold>Заключение:</bold> Многоэтапный комплексный подход, включающий выявление цервикальной папилломавирусной инфекции после эксцизионного лечения CIN, оценку радикальности резекции, а также последующее активное наблюдение, позволяет избежать возникновения рецидивов и прогрессирования предрака шейки матки.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>CIN</kwd><kwd>HSIL</kwd><kwd>human papillomavirus</kwd><kwd>conization</kwd><kwd>recurrence</kwd><kwd>margin status</kwd><kwd>posttreatment surveillance</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>CIN</kwd><kwd>HSIL</kwd><kwd>вирус папилломы человека</kwd><kwd>конизация</kwd><kwd>рецидив</kwd><kwd>статус края иссечения</kwd><kwd>постлечебное наблюдение</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Loopik D.L., Bentley H.A., Eijgenraam M.N., IntHout J., Bekkers R.L.M., Bentley J.R. 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