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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство и гинекология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0300-9092</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-5679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">632086</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/aig.2023.299</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Diagnostic significance of proteome analysis of maternal plasma in fetal growth restriction</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Диагностическая значимость протеомного анализа плазмы крови при задержке роста плода</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8953-7952</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Volochaeva</surname><given-names>Maria V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волочаева</surname><given-names>Мария Вячеславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Senior Researcher, Department of Regional Cooperation and Integration; Physician, 1 Maternity Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., с.н.с. департамента регионального сотрудничества и интеграции; врач 1 родильного отделения</p></bio><email>volochaeva.m@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5918-9045</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tokareva</surname><given-names>Alisa O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Токарева</surname><given-names>Алиса Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, specialist, Laboratory of Clinical Proteomics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ф.-м.н., специалист лаборатории клинической протеомики</p></bio><email>alisa.tokareva@phystech.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2238-3458</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kononikhin</surname><given-names>Alexey S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кононихин</surname><given-names>Алексей Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Proteomics; Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ф.-м.н., с.н.с. лаборатории клинической протеомики; с.н.с. лаборатории масс-спектрометрии</p></bio><email>a_kononihin@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8397-3574</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kukaev</surname><given-names>Evgenii N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кукаев</surname><given-names>Евгений Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Proteomics; Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ф.-м.н., с.н.с. лаборатории клинической протеомики, ; н.с. Института энергетических проблем химической физики им. В.Л. Тальрозе</p></bio><email>e_kukaev@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5830-5099</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">56190621500</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">B-2364-2015</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1963-1359</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyutyunnik</surname><given-names>Victor L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тютюнник</surname><given-names>Виктор Леонидович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor, Dr. Med. Sci., Leading Researcher of the Center for Scientific and Clinical Research</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор, д.м.н., в.н.с. центра научных и клинических исследований, Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. академика В.И. Кулакова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, 117997, Россия, Москва ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4, </p></bio><email>tioutiounnik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5087-5946</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57008835600</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">B-2370-2015</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5378-8437</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kan</surname><given-names>Natalia E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кан</surname><given-names>Наталья Енкыновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor, Dr. Med. Sci., Deputy Director of Science</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор, д.м.н., заместитель директора по научной работе</p></bio><email>kan-med@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6650-5915</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Starodubtseva</surname><given-names>Natalia L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стародубцева</surname><given-names>Наталия Леонидовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Head of the Laboratory of Clinical Proteomics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., доцент, заведующая лабораторией клинической протеомики</p></bio><email>n_starodubtseva@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Centre of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Сколковский институт науки и технологий</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">V.L. Talrose Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт энергетических проблем химической физики им. В.Л. Тальрозе ФГБУН «Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н.Н. Семенова» РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-04-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>68</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-05-16"><day>16</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-05-16"><day>16</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/632086">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/632086</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Objective:</bold> The objective of the study was to determine diagnostic criteria for fetal growth restriction based on quantitative proteome analysis of maternal blood plasma.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods:</bold> Case-control study included 50 pregnant women, who were into 5 groups. Group I consisted of pregnant women with early fetal growth restriction (&lt;32 weeks) (n=10). Group II included pregnant women with late fetal growth restriction (≥32 weeks) (n=10). Group III and IV comprised the patients, who delivered before and after 32 weeks (n=10/n=10), respectively. Group V included pregnant women with small for gestational age fetuses (≥32 weeks) (n=10). Postnatal assessment of growth and weight parameters in newborns (n=50) was conducted according to INTERGROWTH-21st charts to confirm the antenatal diagnosis of fetal growth restriction and small for gestational age newborns, as well as to determine the normal body weight in the group of women with preterm birth (before and after 32 weeks). Quantitative analysis of 125 plasma proteins was performed using BAK 125 Human Plasma Proteomics Kit (MRM Proteomics Inc., Montreal, Canada) by high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Diagnostic models for fetal growth restriction and small for gestational age fetuses using logistic regression were developed after preliminary data processing.</p> <p><bold>Results:</bold> Based on the results of quantitative proteome analysis of maternal plasma proteins, three diagnostic models were developed. Model «1» (AUC=0.86), including alpha-2-macroglobulin as a variable, with 90% sensitivity and 90% specificity, enables to make the diagnosis of early fetal growth restriction. Model «2» (AUC=0.88), including the variables of proteins alpha-2-macroglobulin and apolipoprotein A-IV with 90% sensitivity and 80% specificity, enables to make the diagnosis of late fetal growth restriction. Model «3» (AUC=0.80), based on the variables of antithrombin-III and apolipoprotein C-I with 80% sensitivity and 80% specificity, enables to make the differential diagnosis of late fetal growth restriction and small for gestational age fetus.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> The results of this study can be used in new approaches to diagnostic methods for different types of fetal growth restriction and small for gestational age fetus, as well as can be a starting point of future researches including potential therapeutic targets.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель:</bold> Определить критерии диагностики задержки роста плода на основании количественного протеомного анализа плазмы крови беременной.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы:</bold> В исследование «случай-контроль» были включены 50 беременных, разделенных на 5 групп. Группа I – беременные с ранней задержкой роста плода (&lt;32 недель) (n=10), группа II – с поздней задержкой роста плода (≥32 недель) (n=10), группы III и IV – пациентки, родоразрешенные до и после 32 недель (n=10/n=10) соответственно, группа V – беременные с плодами, маловесными к сроку гестации (≥32 недель) (n=10). Постнатальная оценка массо-ростовых показателей у новорожденных (n=50) проводилась согласно центильным кривым INTERGROWTH-21 для подтверждения антенатального диагноза задержки роста и маловесного плода, а также установления нормальной массы тела в группе с преждевременными родами (до 32 и после 32 недель). Количественный анализ 125 белков плазмы крови проведен с использованием набора BAK 125 (MRM Proteomics Inc., Монреаль, Канада) методом высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии с тандемной масс-спектрометрией (ВЭЖХ-МС/МС). На основе логистической регрессии были созданы диагностические модели для задержки роста и маловесного плода после предварительного процессинга данных.</p> <p><bold>Результаты:</bold> На основании полученных результатов количественного протеомного анализа белков плазмы крови матери были разработаны 3 диагностические модели. Модель «1» (AUC=0,86), включающая альфа-2-макроглобулин в качестве переменной, с чувствительностью и специфичностью 90% позволяет проводить диагностику ранней формы задержки роста плода. Модель «2» (AUC=0,88), включающая в качестве переменной белки альфа-2-макроглобулин и аполипопротеин A-IV, с чувствительностью 90% и специфичностью 80% позволяет диагностировать позднюю форму задержки роста плода. Модель «3» (AUC=0,80), в основу которой в качестве переменной введены белки антитромбин-III и аполипопротеин C-I, с чувствительностью 80% и специфичностью 80% может быть использована для проведения дифференциальной диагностики поздней формы задержки роста и маловесного к сроку гестации плода.</p> <p><bold>Заключение:</bold> Результаты данного исследования могут быть использованы в формировании подходов к новым методам диагностики различных форм задержки роста и маловесного плода, а также явиться отправной точкой для будущих исследований по изучению, в том числе, потенциальных терапевтических мишеней.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>intrauterine growth restriction</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>quantitative proteome analysis</kwd><kwd>small-for-gestational-age fetus</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>задержка роста плода</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>количественный протеомный анализ</kwd><kwd>маловесный к сроку гестации плод</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out as part of experimental research «Improving management strategy and the timing of delivery for pregnant women with fetal growth restriction based on molecular genetic and metabolomic factors with subsequent introduction of modern diagnostic methods for the severity of this gestational complication», 121040600408-4.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках экспериментального научного исследования «Совершенствование тактики ведения и сроков родоразрешения беременных с задержкой роста плода на основании изучения молекулярно-генетических и метаболомных факторов с последующим внедрением современных методов диагностики тяжести течения данного осложнения гестации» 121040600408-4.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>McCowan L.M., Figueras F., Anderson N.H. 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