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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство и гинекология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0300-9092</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-5679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">653479</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/aig.2024.239</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Predictors of spontaneous puberty and premature ovarian insufficiency in girls with Turner syndrome</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Предикторы спонтанного пубертата и преждевременной недостаточности яичников у девочек с синдромом Тернера</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4478-9133</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Turchinets</surname><given-names>Anna I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турчинец</surname><given-names>Анна Ильинична</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><email>Ponomarevaanna28@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3105-5640</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Uvarova</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уварова</surname><given-names>Елена Витальевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Med. Sci., Professor at the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующая 2-м гинекологическим отделением, чл.-корр. РАН, д.м.н., профессор кафедры акушерства, гинекологии, перинатологии и репродуктологии Института профессионального образования, президент Межрегиональной общественной организации «Объединение детских и подростковых гинекологов»</p></bio><email>elena-uvarova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7511-1432</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kumykova</surname><given-names>Zaira Kh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кумыкова</surname><given-names>Заира Хасановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Senior Researcher at the Departament of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., с.н.с. 2-го гинекологического отделения (гинекологии детского и юношеского возраста)</p></bio><email>zai-kumykova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1136-7222</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamedova</surname><given-names>Fatima Sh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамедова</surname><given-names>Фатима Шапиевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Physician at the Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics of the Department of Neonatology and Pediatrics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач отделения ультразвуковой диагностики отдела неонатологии и педиатрии</p></bio><email>f_mamedova@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации» (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><issue>12</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>86</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-04"><day>04</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-02-04"><day>04</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/653479">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/653479</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background: </bold>Turner syndrome is one of the most common sex chromosome abnormalities associated with premature ovarian insufficiency. Phenotypic manifestations often do not correlate with the karyotype of Turner syndrome; 20% of girls exhibit timely sexual development, and 5–10% experience spontaneous menstruation. Therefore, identifying significant predictors of preserved ovarian function in this cohort of patients is essential.</p> <p><bold>Objective:</bold> To investigate the prognostic markers of spontaneous puberty and premature ovarian insufficiency in girls with Turner syndrome, focusing on age and karyotype.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods:</bold> This retrospective study included 122 girls with Turner syndrome, aged 9–17 years, who were observed in the 2nd Gynecological Department of V.I. Kulakov NMRC for OG&amp;P, Ministry of Health of Russia. Patients were divided into groups based on age and karyotype variants, with subsequent rankings according to the preservation of ovarian function. Clinical and medical history data, serum hormone levels, and ultrasound findings of the gonads and mammary glands were also assessed.</p> <p><bold>Results: </bold>Spontaneous puberty was observed in 49% of the patients, with 11% experiencing menarche at a mean age of 12.62 (0.37) years; however, 41% displayed no signs of puberty. During the examination, premature ovarian insufficiency was diagnosed in 81% of the patients. No association was found between the absence of spontaneous sexual development and the set of chromosomes, including X monosomy; however, the risk of premature ovarian insufficiency was associated with ploidy of the X chromosome. The risk of detecting FSH levels greater than 25 IU/L had an inverse correlation with ovarian volume, increasing at a value of less than 1.29 cm³.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion: </bold>Despite the karyotype and characteristics of sexual development, ovarian reserve should be assessed in patients with Turner syndrome starting from prepubertal age. This assessment should consider the dynamics of blood hormone levels and ovarian volume measured using ultrasound, which serves as a valuable marker for the risk of ovarian insufficiency in this cohort of patients.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность: </bold>Синдром Тернера является одной из наиболее частых аномалий половых хромосом, ассоциированных с преждевременной недостаточностью яичников. Фенотипические проявления часто не коррелируют с кариотипом синдрома Тернера, у 20% девочек определяется своевременное половое развитие, а у 5–10% и спонтанные менструации. В связи с этим актуален поиск значимых предикторов сохранной овариальной функции в данной когорте пациенток.</p> <p><bold>Цель: </bold>Оценить прогностические маркеры спонтанного пубертата и преждевременной недостаточности яичников у девочек с синдромом Тернера в зависимости от возраста и кариотипа.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы: </bold>Проведено ретроспективное исследование 122 девочек с синдромом Тернера в возрасте от 9 до 17 лет, наблюдавшихся во 2-м гинекологическом отделении ФГБУ «НМИЦ АГП им. В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава России. Пациентки были разделены на группы по возрасту и варианту кариотипа с последующим ранжированием с учетом сохранности овариальной функции. Оценивались клинико-анамнестические данные, гормоны сыворотки крови, ультразвуковая характеристика гонад и молочных желез.</p> <p><bold>Результаты: </bold>Спонтанный пубертат был у 49% пациенток, из их числа у 11% – менархе в среднем в 12,62 (0,37) года, но у 41% признаки полового созревания отсутствовали. При обследовании у 81% пациенток была диагностирована преждевременная недостаточность яичников. Не найдено взаимосвязи риска отсутствия спонтанного полового развития с набором хромосом, в том числе с Х-моносомией, однако риск преждевременной недостаточности яичников был ассоциирован с плоидностью X-хромосомы. Риск выявления уровня ФСГ&gt;25 МЕ/л имел обратную выраженную корреляцию с объемом яичников, повышаясь при значении показателя &lt;1,29 см<sup>3</sup>.</p> <p><bold>Заключение: </bold>Несмотря на кариотип и особенности полового развития, у пациенток с синдромом Тернера обязательно должен оцениваться овариальный резерв, начиная с допубертатного возраста, с учетом динамики уровней гормонов крови и объема яичников при ультразвуковом исследовании, являющегося ценным маркером риска недостаточности яичников в данной когорте пациентов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Turner syndrome</kwd><kwd>adolescent girls</kwd><kwd>ovarian reserve</kwd><kwd>premature ovarian insufficiency</kwd><kwd>spontaneous puberty</kwd><kwd>karyotype</kwd><kwd>mosaicism</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром Тернера</kwd><kwd>девочки-подростки</kwd><kwd>овариальный резерв</kwd><kwd>преждевременная недостаточность яичников</kwd><kwd>спонтанный пубертат</kwd><kwd>кариотип</kwd><kwd>мозаицизм</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Dowlut-McElroy T., Shankar R.K. 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