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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство и гинекология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0300-9092</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-5679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">691927</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/aig.2025.121</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Genetic factors in the development of endometrial hyperplasia</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Генетические факторы развития гиперплазии эндометрия</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8519-4594</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Churnosov</surname><given-names>Vladimir I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чурносов</surname><given-names>Владимир Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD student at the Department of Biomedical Disciplines</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры медико-биологических дисциплин медицинского института</p></bio><email>vchurnosov@yandex.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5652-0166</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarenko</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономаренко</surname><given-names>Ирина Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Med. Sci., Professor at the Department of Medical and Biological Disciplines</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н, профессор кафедры медико-биологических дисциплин медицинского института</p></bio><email>ponomarenko_i@bsuedu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1254-6134</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Churnosov</surname><given-names>Mikhail I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чурносов</surname><given-names>Михаил Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Med. Sci., Head of the Department of Medical and Biological Disciplines</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой медико-биологических дисциплин медицинского института</p></bio><email>churnosov@bsuedu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Belgorod State National Research University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-09" publication-format="electronic"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><issue>9</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-03"><day>03</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-10-03"><day>03</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/691927">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/691927</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Endometrial hyperplasia is a gynecological disease characterized by uneven proliferation of the endometrium with an increased gland-to-stroma ratio compared to the normal endometrium. Genetic factors play a significant role in the development of endometrial hyperplasia. The article presents current data on the genetic factors that contribute to this disease. The genetic studies have demonstrated associations with the development of endometrial hyperplasia of certain groups of candidate genes: growth factor genes (TGFß-1, FGFR2, IGF1, EGF), cytokines (TNFα, Ltα, TNFR1, ТNFR2, RANTES, I-TAC, MIP1β, MCP1, SDF1, IL-8, RАNТES), cytochromes (CYP2D6, CYP19A1), lipid metabolism (APOE, FTO), menarche (UGT2B4, LIN28B, ZNF483, LHCGR, FSHB, F13A1, BSX, TMEM38B, 3q13.32, COMT, KISS1, FTO), estrogen receptors (ESR2), oncogenes (AKT1, KRAS, EGFR, PIK3CA, BRAF, NRAS, CTNNB1, PTEN, ARID1A). In addition, a number of studies have shown a link between endometrial hyperplasia and the expression of estrogen receptors, cyclooxygenase-2, and a number of oncogenic microRNAs (miR-18a, miR-210, miR-221, and miR-222). It should be noted that the influence of genetic factors on the development of endometrial hyperplasia has been studied in fragments; the number of associative studies is extremely small, and genome-wide studies of endometrial hyperplasia have not been conducted.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion: </bold>Today, there is a critical need to continue further genetic and epidemiological studies of endometrial hyperplasia.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Гиперплазия эндометрия представляет собой гинекологическое заболевание, которое характеризуется неравномерной пролиферацией эндометрия с повышенным соотношением железы/строма, по сравнению с нормальным эндометрием. Генетические факторы играют значимую роль в развитии гиперплазии эндометрия. В статье представлены современные данные о генетических детерминантах данного заболевания. Выполненные генетические исследования продемонстрировали ассоциации с формированием гиперплазии эндометрия вариантов отдельных групп генов-кандидатов: гены факторов роста (ТGFβ-1, FGFR2, IGF1, EGF), цитокинов (TNFα, Ltα, TNFR1, ТNFR2, RANTES, I-TAC, MIP1β, MCP1, SDF1, IL-8, RАNТES), цитохромов (CYP2D6, СYP19А1), липидного обмена (APOE, FTO), менархе (UGT2B4, LIN28B, ZNF483, LHCGR, FSHB, F13A1, BSX, TMEM38B, 3q13.32, COMT, KISS1, FTO), рецепторов эстрогенов (ESR2), онкогенов (AKT1, KRAS, EGFR, PIK3CA, BRAF, NRAS, CTNNB1, PTEN, ARID1A). Кроме того, в ряде работ показана связь между гиперплазией эндометрия и экспрессией эстрогеновых рецепторов, циклооксигеназы-2, ряда онкогенных микроРНК (miR-18а, miR-210, miR-221, miR-222). При этом необходимо отметить, что влияние генетических факторов на возникновение гиперплазии эндометрия изучено фрагментарно – количество ассоциативных исследований крайне мало, а полногеномные исследования гиперплазии эндометрия не проводились.</p> <p><bold>Заключение: </bold>На сегодняшний день существует острая необходимость продолжения дальнейших генетико-эпидемиологических исследований гиперплазии эндометрия.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endometrial hyperplasia</kwd><kwd>candidate genes</kwd><kwd>genetic factors</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гиперплазия эндометрия</kwd><kwd>гены-кандидаты</kwd><kwd>генетические факторы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation Grant No. 25-25-00034, https://rscf.ru/project/25-25-00034/.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 25-25-00034, https://rscf.ru/project/25-25-00034/.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Wang L., Wei W., Cai M. 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