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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство и гинекология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0300-9092</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-5679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">716456</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/aig.2025.272</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The incretin system and female reproductive function: receptor distribution, molecular mechanisms and new therapeutic prospects</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инкретиновая система и женская репродуктивная функция: распределение рецепторов, молекулярные механизмы и новые терапевтические перспективы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8249-6075</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dora</surname><given-names>Svetlana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дора</surname><given-names>Светлана Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Department of Faculty Therapy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии, кардиологии с клиникой им. академика Г.Ф. Ланга</p></bio><email>doras2001@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7755-7275</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khalimov</surname><given-names>Yuri S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халимов</surname><given-names>Юрий Шавкатович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of the Department of Faculty Therapy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии, кардиологии с клиникой им. академика Г.Ф. Ланга</p></bio><email>yushkha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7558-7657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezhenar</surname><given-names>Vitaly F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беженарь</surname><given-names>Виталий Федорович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктологии, руководитель Клиники акушерства и гинекологии</p></bio><email>bez-vitaly@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4295-1202</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lisker</surname><given-names>Anna V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лискер</surname><given-names>Анна Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of Endocrinology Department, Clinical Endocrinology Center</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующая отделением эндокринологии клиники НКЦ эндокринологии</p></bio><email>a.lisker@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9218-8133</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shvets</surname><given-names>Zlata V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Швец</surname><given-names>Злата Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD student in Endocrinology, Department of Faculty Therapy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант по специальности «эндокринология» кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии, кардиологии с клиникой им. академика Г.Ф. Ланга</p></bio><email>shvetszlata31@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5189-9365</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>Anna R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>Анна Ральфовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Department of Faculty Therapy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии и кардиологии с клиникой им. академика Г.Ф. Ланга</p></bio><email>volkovaa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3136-3509</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolyabina</surname><given-names>Alexandra B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колябина</surname><given-names>Александра Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident in Endocrinology, Department of Faculty Therapy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ординатор по специальности «эндокринология» кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии и кардиологии с клиникой им. академика Г.Ф. Ланга</p></bio><email>kolyabinas@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4712-7871</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Murzina</surname><given-names>Olga S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурзина</surname><given-names>Ольга Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент лечебного факультета</p></bio><email>olyamurzinaa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-07-15"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-07-15"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/716456">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/716456</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The widespread use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity in women of reproductive age highlights the importance of investigating their potential impact on fertility. This review summarizes the current evidence on the role of the incretin system in the regulation of female reproductive function. The most convincing data obtained from patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) demonstrate the ability of GLP-1 receptor agonists to reduce insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia that can be associated with the restoration of a regular menstrual cycle, an increase in the frequency of ovulatory cycles and a higher likelihood of pregnancy. The effects on the reproductive system are due to both systemic improvement in metabolism and weight loss, and to direct action on tissues expressing GLP-1 receptors (the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, the ovaries and endometrium). Direct mechanisms include modulation of steroidogenesis, increased endometrial receptivity, and a reduction in inflammation and oxidative stress.</p> <p>The safety of using GLP-1 receptor agonists during the periconceptional period remains a matter of debate. Despite data obtained from preclinical studies on potential embryotoxicity, available clinical observations have not revealed a statistically significant increase in the risk of congenital malformations following accidental exposure to the drug during the first trimester of pregnancy. Nevertheless, current guidelines recommend discontinuing treatment before conception.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> To expand the clinical use of GLP-1 receptor agonists in gynecological and reproductive medicine, further research is needed to investigate their effectiveness in women without PCOS, to develop standardized protocols for periconceptional safety and to assess the potential of new generations of incretin-based drugs.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Широкое внедрение агонистов рецепторов глюкагоноподобного пептида-1 (арГПП-1) в терапию сахарного диабета 2 типа и ожирения у женщин репродуктивного возраста обуславливает актуальность исследования их потенциального влияния на фертильность. Настоящий обзор систематизирует современные данные о роли инкретиновой системы в регуляции женской репродуктивной функции. Наиболее убедительные данные, полученные у пациенток с синдромом поликистозных яичников (СПЯ), демонстрируют способность арГПП-1 снижать инсулинорезистентность и гиперинсулинемию, что ассоциировано с восстановлением регулярности менструального цикла, увеличением частоты овуляторных циклов и повышением вероятности наступления беременности. Репродуктивные эффекты опосредованы как системным улучшением метаболизма и снижением массы тела, так и прямым действием на ткани, экспрессирующие рецепторы ГПП-1 (гипоталамо-гипофизарная система, яичники, эндометрий). К прямым механизмам относятся модуляция стероидогенеза, повышение рецептивности эндометрия, уменьшение воспаления и окислительного стресса.</p> <p>Вопрос безопасности применения арГПП-1 в периконцепционный период остается дискуссионным. Несмотря на данные доклинических исследований о потенциальной эмбриотоксичности, доступные клинические наблюдения не выявили статистически значимого увеличения риска врожденных пороков развития на фоне случайного приема препаратов в первом триместре беременности. Тем не менее действующие рекомендации предписывают отмену терапии до зачатия.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Для расширения клинического применения арГПП-1 в гинекологической и репродуктологической практике необходимы дальнейшие исследования, направленные на изучение их эффективности у женщин без СПЯ, разработку стандартизированных протоколов периконцепционной безопасности и оценку потенциала новых поколений инкретиновых препаратов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists</kwd><kwd>semaglutide</kwd><kwd>liraglutide</kwd><kwd>fertility</kwd><kwd>infertility</kwd><kwd>menstrual cycle</kwd><kwd>polycystic ovary syndrome</kwd><kwd>insulin resistance</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>steroidogenesis</kwd><kwd>endometrial receptivity</kwd><kwd>periconceptional period</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>агонисты рецептора глюкагоноподобного пептида-1</kwd><kwd>семаглутид</kwd><kwd>лираглутид</kwd><kwd>фертильность</kwd><kwd>бесплодие</kwd><kwd>менструальный цикл</kwd><kwd>синдром поликистозных яичников</kwd><kwd>инсулинорезистентность</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>стероидогенез</kwd><kwd>рецептивность эндометрия</kwd><kwd>периконцепционный период</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Lee J.M., Sharifi M., Oshman L., Griauzde D.H., Chua K.P. 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