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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics and Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство и гинекология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0300-9092</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-5679</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">716486</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/aig.2026.122</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparative evaluation of embryological outcomes following conventional IVF and ICSI in couples with unexplained infertility: a single-center prospective study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Результаты сравнительной оценки параметров эмбриологического этапа в программах вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий при оплодотворении методом ЭКО и ИКСИ у супружеских пар с бесплодием неясного генеза: одноцентровое проспективное исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9577-1777</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ishchuk</surname><given-names>Maria P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ищук</surname><given-names>Мария Павловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD Student, F. Paulsen Research and Educational Center for ART with the Clinical Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, Научно-клиническое отделение ВРТ им. Ф. Паулсена</p></bio><email>marumariyaish@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Perminova</surname><given-names>Svetlana G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перминова</surname><given-names>Светлана Григорьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Leading Researcher, F. Paulsen Research and Educational Center for ART with the Clinical Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, в.н.с., Научно-клиническое отделение ВРТ им. Ф. Паулсена</p></bio><email>s_perminova@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8830-2158</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mituyrina</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митюрина</surname><given-names>Елена Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Med. Sci., Senior Researcher, F. Paulsen Research and Educational Center for ART with the Clinical Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., с.н.с., Научно-клиническое отделение ВРТ им. Ф. Паулсена</p></bio><email>e_mityurina@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Filimonov</surname><given-names>Sergey F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филимонов</surname><given-names>Сергей Федорович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Laboratory of Clinical Embryology, F. Paulsen Research and Educational Center for ART with the Clinical Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующий лабораторией клинической эмбриологии, Научно-клиническое отделение ВРТ им. Ф. Паулсена</p></bio><email>s_felimonov@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sannikova</surname><given-names>Elena S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Санникова</surname><given-names>Елена Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Embryologist, F. Paulsen Research and Educational Center for ART with the Clinical Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>эмбриолог, Научно-клиническое отделение ВРТ им. Ф. Паулсена</p></bio><email>el.sannikowa2013@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>163</fpage><lpage>171</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-07-16"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-07-16"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/716486">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0300-9092/article/view/716486</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Objective. </bold>To evaluate embryological and clinical outcomes in IVF cycles among couples with unexplained infertility following conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) versus intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> This single-center prospective comparative study included 116 assisted reproductive technology cycles in couples with unexplained infertility, treated between January 2024 and January 2026. Conventional IVF was performed in 58 cycles and ICSI were performed in 58 cycles each. Cycles with split insemination and those involving preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) were excluded from the analysis. The primary outcome was the normal fertilization rate. The secondary outcomes included the blastulation rate, proportion of good-quality blastocysts, implantation rate, pregnancy rate, and clinical pregnancy rate. To account for potential confounding, adjusted analyses were performed using generalized linear models, and pregnancy rates were compared using Fisher's exact test.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> Baseline clinical characteristics were generally comparable between the groups, although the starting gonadotropin dose was higher in the ICSI group. Sperm concentration, total motility, and proportion of mature oocytes were higher in the conventional IVF group. No statistically significant between-group differences were observed in the primary outcome, the normal fertilization rate. Likewise, no significant differences were found in the blastulation rate or the proportion of high-quality blastocysts. Implantation, pregnancy, and clinical pregnancy rates were numerically higher in the ICSI group; however, these differences were not statistically significant. After multivariable adjustment, ICSI was not associated with an increased normal fertilization rate (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74–1.25; p=0.763), blastulation rate (aOR 0.77; 95% Cl 0.59–1.01; p=0.063), good-quality blastocyst formation (aOR 0.80; 95% Cl 0.49–1.31; p=0.370), or implantation rate (aOR 1.01; 95% CI 0.003–330; p=0.962).</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> In patients with unexplained infertility, ICSI was not associated with improved normal fertilization rates or most embryological outcomes compared with conventional IVF. These findings do not support the routine use of ICSI in couples with unexplained infertility and suggest that a selective approach to choosing a fertilization method is warranted.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель.</bold> Оценить параметры эмбриологического и клинического этапов в программе экстракорпорального оплодотворения (ЭКО) у супружеских пар с бесплодием неясного генеза (БНГ) при применении стандартного ЭКО и интрацитоплазматической инъекции сперматозоида в ооцит (ИКСИ).</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Выполнено одноцентровое проспективное cравнительное исследование, включавшее 116 циклов вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий у пар с БНГ, в период с января 2024 г. по январь 2026 г. В 58 циклах применяли стандартное ЭКО, в 58 – ИКСИ. Из анализа исключали циклы со смешанным методом оплодотворения и циклы с проведением преимплантационного генетического тестирования на анеуплоидии (ПГТ-А). Первичной конечной точкой являлась частота нормального оплодотворения. Вторичными конечными точками были частота бластуляции, процент бластоцист хорошего качества, частота имплантации, частота наступления беременности и частота клинической беременности. Для учета потенциальных смешивающих факторов выполнен скорректированный анализ с использованием обобщенных линейных моделей; для сравнения частоты наступления беременности применяли точный критерий Фишера.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Исходные клинические характеристики групп в целом были сопоставимы, однако стартовая доза гонадотропинов была выше в группе ИКСИ. Концентрация сперматозоидов, их общая подвижность и доля зрелых ооцитов были выше в группе стандартного ЭКО. Статистически значимых различий между группами по первичной конечной точке (частоте нормального оплодотворения) выявлено не было. Также не обнаружено значимых различий по частоте бластуляции и доле бластоцист хорошего качества. Частота имплантации, наступления беременности, а также клиническая беременность была выше в группе ИКСИ, однако различия не достигли статистической значимости. После многомерной корректировки метод ИКСИ не ассоциировался с повышением частоты нормального оплодотворения (aOR 0,96; 95% ДИ 0,74–1,25; p=0,763), бластуляции (aOR 0,77; 95% ДИ 0,59–1,01; p=0,063), формирования бластоцист хорошего качества (aOR 0,80; 95% ДИ 0,49–1,31; p=0,370) и имплантации (aOR 1,01; 95% ДИ 0,003–330; p=0,962).</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> У пациенток с БНГ применение ИКСИ не сопровождалось улучшением частоты нормального оплодотворения и большинства эмбриологических показателей по сравнению со стандартным ЭКО. Полученные данные не поддерживают рутинное использование ИКСИ у супружеских пар с БНГ и обосновывают необходимость селективного подхода к выбору метода оплодотворения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>unexplained infertility</kwd><kwd>IVF</kwd><kwd>ICSI</kwd><kwd>fertilization</kwd><kwd>blastulation</kwd><kwd>implantation</kwd><kwd>assisted reproductive technology</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бесплодие неясного генеза</kwd><kwd>ЭКО</kwd><kwd>ИКСИ</kwd><kwd>оплодотворение</kwd><kwd>бластуляция</kwd><kwd>имплантация</kwd><kwd>вспомогательные репродуктивные технологии</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Romualdi D., Ata B., Bhattacharya S., Bosch Е., Costello М., Gersak K. et al. Evidence-based guideline: unexplained infertility. Hum. 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