HEMORRHOIDS

Hemorrhoids are one of the most common human diseases. The disease has two main forms (acute and chronic) and manifests itself as thrombosis, inflammation, bleeding, and prolapse of hemorrhoids. Two main causes of the disease are identified; there are vascular disorders and mechanical damages. Chronic and acute forms are identified in the course of the disease. Internal, external, and mixed types are distinguished by the form of the disease. Its chronic course is divided into four stages. Acute hemorrhoids are a complication of the chronic course and classified into three grades according to the degree of thrombosis and inflammation. This classification corresponds to the pathogenesis of hemorrhoids, is rather convenient, and provides a possibility of objectively defining indications and choosing the required treatment option in practical work in accordance with the stage and degree of the disease. Bleeding, various inflammation intensities, and pinched hemorrhoids may complicate one of the manifestations, which is characteristic of the early development of the disease (perianal itch, discomfort). The diagnosis of hemorrhoids encompasses examination, rectal study, anoscopy, colonoscopy, and proctosigmoidoscopy. Conservative treatment for acute and chronic hemorrhoids is directed towards relieving the symptoms of acute hemorrhoids, eliminating complications, and preventing exacerbations during their chronic course. The drug therapy is incorporated into preoperative preparation and postoperative rehabilitation. The used medicaments have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and hemostatic activities and improve blood flow and microcirculation in the cavernous masses. The paper gives data on the drug of choice due to its combined properties in treating hemorrhoids in women.

hemorrhoids, treatment, drugs