The role of genetic and epigenetic changes in the development of atypical hyperplasia and early-stage endometrial cancer


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The paper presents the data available in the literature on the role of genetic and epigenetic changes in the development of atypical hyperplasia and early-stage endometrial cancer. Cancer of the corpus uteri in 15-39-year-old women ranks seventh in the structure of cancer incidence. In developed countries, the mean age of women at birth of first child is constantly increasing due to the tendency of women to postpone motherhood for socioeconomic reasons, and endometrioid adenocarcinoma is frequently diagnosed before implementation of their reproductive function. The oncological standard in the treatment of early-stage endometrial cancer is extirpation of the uterus with appendages, which allows a woman to cure cancer. However, this surgery in young patients rules out the possibility of implementing their reproductive function. The article evaluates the effects of the MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, PlK3CA, KRAS, CTNNB1, PTEN, and p53 genes on endometrial carcinogenesis. The findings explain the molecular heterogeneity of both two different pathogenetic variants of endometrial cancer, and the intraspecific heterogeneity of the former pathogenetic variant. Conclusion. The analyzed data on dysregulation of tumor suppressor genes and key proliferative signaling pathways will be able to stratify approaches to selecting patients for organ-sparing treatment.

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作者简介

L. Gadzhieva

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), on the base of V.I. Kulakov NMRC OG&P, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: amor-amor93@bk.ru
obstetrician-gynecologist, postgraduate of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology and Reproduction 117997, Russia, Moscow, Oparina str., 4

S. Pronin

V.I. Kulakov NMRC OG&P, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: psmdoc@mail.ru
MD, oncologist, obstetrician-gynecologist, senior researcher, Department of Innovative Oncology and Gynecology 117997, Russia, Moscow, Oparina str., 4

S. Pavlovich

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), on the base of V.I. Kulakov NMRC OG&P, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: st.pavlovich@mail.ru
MD, Ph.D., associate professor, professor of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology and Reproduction 117997, Russia, Moscow, Oparina str., 4

V. Kiselev

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), on the base of V.I. Kulakov NMRC OG&P, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: vkis10@mail.ru
Dr. Bio. Sci., Corresponding Member of the RAS, Deputy Director of the Institute of Oncogynecology and Mammology 117997, Russia, Moscow, Oparina str., 4

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