Principles of early diagnosis of endometriosis based on the assessment of comorbidity and clinical manifestations

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Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and concomitant diseases in patients with endometriosis.

Materials and methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology in Moscow, Russia in the period from 2021 to 2022. The main group included 110 patients (mean age 29 (25; 36) years) with extragenital endometriosis confirmed by ultrasound and MRI assessment; the control group consisted of 110 women who were comparable in age to the patients of the main group (mean age 27 (26; 32) years) without echographic signs of endometriosis. The patients of both study groups were interviewed and surveyed for a comprehensive analysis of clinical and anamnestic data; the presence of comorbid conditions was determined on the basis of laboratory and instrumental studies which were carried out in accordance with the clinical recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.

Results: Not only the severity of dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia and chronic pelvic pain, assessed by the visual analog scale (VAS), are significant, but also the combination of the symptoms is of importance, as it demonstrates a two-fold increase in the risk of endometriosis. It was found that lower body mass index (BMI) is characteristic of the patients of the main group (p=0.001). Every fifth patient with endometriosis had a body weight deficit (BMI<18.5 kg/m2), every second patient had a BMI<21 kg/m2. The patients with endometriosis, in comparison with the patients of the control group, had a higher incidence of acne (39.5 and 13.6%), fibrocystic disease (29.5 and 12%), human papillomavirus (41.7% and 22.7%), endometrial polyps (20.9 and 5.5%), uterine fibroids (23.6 and 8.2%, respectively). The presence of recurrent functional cysts (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.66–2.69) and ovarian apoplexy (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.62–2.45) had the greatest diagnostic significance. The combination of several comorbid conditions greatly increased the likelihood of endometriosis.

Conclusion: At the initial stage of the examination of a patient with suspected endometriosis, it is advisable to listen to the patient’s complaints and also to conduct a cumulative assessment of their severity counting the points according to the VAS score. Thus, precise anamnesis and clinical examination can be considered effective and available methods of identifying women at risk for the development of endometriosis.

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作者简介

Veronika Pronina

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: ver22595@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4566-4065

obstetrician-gynecologist, PhD student

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Madina Dumanovskaya

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: dumanovskaya@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7286-6047

PhD, Researcher at the Department of Gynecological Endocrinology

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Galina Chernukha

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: c-galina1@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9065-5689

Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Chief Researcher at the Department of Gynecological Endocrinology

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

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2. Fig. Threshold values of the main indicators of pain syndrome. DISM - dysmenorrhea, DISP - dyspareunia, CPP - chronic pelvic pain.

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