<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Inland Water Biology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Inland Water Biology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Биология внутренних вод</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0320-9652</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5227</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">700517</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S3034522725060245</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Feeding of Vampirellid Amoeba (Leptophryidae) on Cyanobacteria</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ПИТАНИЕ ВАМПИРЕЛЛИДНЫХ АМЕБ (Leptophryidae) ЦИАНОБАКТЕРИЯМИ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Jiang</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цзян</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gong</surname><given-names>Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гун</surname><given-names>И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>-</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhonenkov</surname><given-names>D. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихоненков</surname><given-names>Д. В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>tikho-denis@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт гидробиологии Китайской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Колледж передовых сельскохозяйственных наук, Университет Китайской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биологии внутренних вод им. Н.Д. Папанина Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 18, NO6 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 18, №6 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>1244</fpage><lpage>1249</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-01-08"><day>08</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-12-25"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0320-9652/article/view/700517">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0320-9652/article/view/700517</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Harmful cyanobacterial blooms cause serious environmental, social and economic damage, including poisoning of humans and animals. The mitigation of harmful blooms is possible through biological approaches based on trophic interactions between phagotrophic protists and cyanobacteria, i.e., through "top-down control" by predatory microbial eukaryotes. We have conducted experimental studies on the ability of predatory vampyrellid amoebae (Vampyrellida) to feed on the toxic and nontoxic cyanobacteria <italic>Microcystis aeruginosa</italic> and <italic>Aphanizomenon</italic> sp. It was found that the vampyrellids <italic>Vernalophrys algivore</italic> and <italic>Kinopus chlorellivorus</italic> can actively consume cells of the nontoxic <italic>M. aeruginosa</italic> strain FACHB928, increasing in abundance, but are unable to feed on the toxic <italic>M. aeruginosa</italic> strain FACHB905 and <italic>Aphanizomenon</italic> sp. strain FACHB1399, which form long filamentous trichomes. The results obtained may be useful for the development of biological methods to regulate and control harmful cyanobacterial blooms affecting the ecological balance in aquatic ecosystems and water quality.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Вредоносное "цветение" воды, вызванное цианобактериями, приводит к серьезным экологическим, социальным и экономическим ущербам, включая отравление людей и животных. Смягчение вредоносного цветения возможно с помощью биологических подходов, основанных на трофических взаимодействиях фаготрофных протистов и цианобактерий, т. е. путем "контроля сверху" со стороны хищных микробиальных эукариот. Нами проведены экспериментальные исследования способности питания хищных вампиреллидных амеб (Vampyrellida) токсичными и нетоксичными цианобактериями <italic>Microcystis aeruginosa</italic> и <italic>Aphanizomenon</italic> sp. Установлено, что вампиреллиды <italic>Vernalophrys algivore</italic> и <italic>Kinopus chlorellivorus</italic> могут активно выедать клетки нетоксичного штамма <italic>Microcystis aeruginosa</italic> FACHB928, увеличивая свою численность, но не способны питаться токсичным <italic>M. aeruginosa</italic> FACHB905 и <italic>Aphanizomenon</italic> sp. FACHB1399, формирующим длинные нитевидные трикомы. Полученные результаты могут быть полезны для разработки биологических способов регуляции и контроля вредоносных цветений воды, затрагивающих экологический баланс в водных экосистемах и качество воды.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>harmful blooms</kwd><kwd>Vampyrellida</kwd><kwd>cyanobacteria</kwd><kwd>nutrition</kwd><kwd>protists</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вредоносные цветения</kwd><kwd>Vampyrellida</kwd><kwd>цианобактерии</kwd><kwd>питание</kwd><kwd>протисты</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-44-00093. Работа И. Гун поддержана Национальным фондом естественных наук Китая (№ 32361133561).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Anabtawi H.M., Lee W.H., Al-Anazi A. et al. 2024. Advancements in biological strategies for controlling harmful algal blooms (HABs) // Water. V. 16. № 2. P. 224. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16020224</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Chislock M.F., Doster E., Zitomer R.A., Wilson A.E. 2013. Eutrophication: causes, consequences, and controls in aquatic ecosystems // Nature Education Knowledge. V. 4. № 4. P. 10.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Gong Y., Patterson D.J., Li Y. et al. 2015. Vernalophrys algivore gen. nov., sp. nov. (Rhizaria: Cercozoa: Vampyrellida), a new algal predator isolated from outdoor mass culture of Scenedesmus dimorphus // Appl. Environ. Microbiol. V. 81. № 12. P. 3900. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00160-15</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Gransden S.G., Lewitus A.J. 2003. Grazing of two euplotid ciliates on the heterotrophic dinoflagellates Pfiesteria piscicida and Cryptoperidiniopsis sp. // Aquat. Microb. Ecol. V. 33. № 3. P. 303. https://doi.org/10.3354/ame033303</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Kratina P., Greig H.S., Thompson P.L. et al. 2012. Warming modifies trophic cascades and eutrophication in experimental freshwater communities // Ecology. V. 93. № 6. P. 1421. https://doi.org/10.1890/11-1595.1</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Ma M., Wang F., Wei C. et al. 2022. Establishment of high-cell-density heterotrophic cultivation of Poterioochromonas malhamensis contributes to achieving biological control of Microcystis // J. Appl. Phycol. V. 34. № 1. P. 423. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-021-02659-x</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Ou D., Song L., Gan N., Chen W. 2005. Effects of microcystins on and toxin degradation by Poterioochromonas sp. // Environ. Toxicol. V. 20. № 3. P. 373. https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.20114</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Pal M., Yesankar P.J., Dwivedi A., Qureshi A. 2020. Biotic control of harmful algal blooms (HABs): A brief review // J. Environ. Manag. V. 268. P. 110687. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110687</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Rippka R., Deruelles J., Waterbury J.B. et al. 1979. Generic assignments, strain histories and properties of pure cultures of cyanobacteria // Microbiology. V. 111. № 1. https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-111-1-1</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Visser P.M., Verspagen J.M.H., Sandrini G. et al. 2016. How rising CO2 and global warming may stimulate harmful cyanobacterial blooms // Harmful Algae. V. 54. P. 145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2015.12.006</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Yan F., Li M., Zang S. et al. 2024. UV radiation and temperature increase alter the PSII function and defense mechanisms in a bloom-forming cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa // Front. Microbiol. V. 15. P. 1351796. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1351796</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Yang Z., Zhang L., Zhu X. et al. 2016. An evidence-based framework for predicting the impact of differing autotrophheterotroph thermal sensitivities on consumerprey dynamics // ISME J. V. 10. № 7. P. 1767. https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2015.225</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Zhang X., Hu H., Men Y., Christoffersen K.S. 2010. The effect of Poterioochromonas abundance on production of intra- and extracellular microcystin-LR concentration // Hydrobiologia. V. 652. № 1. P. 237. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-010-0335-3</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Zhang L., Gu L., Wei Q. et al. 2017. High temperature favors elimination of toxin-producing Microcystis and degradation of microcystins by mixotrophic Ochromonas // Chemosphere. V. 172. P. 96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.146</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Zhang H., Patterson D.J., He Y. et al. 2022. Kinopus chlorellivorus gen. nov., sp. nov. (Vampyrellida, Rhizaria), a new algivorous protist predator isolated from large-Scale outdoor cultures of Chlorella sorokiniana // Appl. Environ. Microbiol. V. 88. № 22. e0121522. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01215-22</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
