Vol 46, No 6 (2019)

The dynamics of Lena delta coastline since the late XX century up to the present time have been studied using Landsat satellite data. The comparison of different-time images of morphologically different segments of the delta coastline has shown the major portion of the delta to be stable. Minimal changes have been recorded near the mouths of the branches carrying a minor portion of the Lena runoff—the Olenekskaya and Tumatskie. In the eastern part of the delta, near the mouths of copious branches Trofimovskaya and Bykovskaya, no changes have taken place, as well as in its western part, which is represented by a part of abrasion marine terrace embraced by the delta. In the southwestern part, in the Olenek delta, the delta coastline has been eroded with the erosion material transported eastward by along-shore current. Near the mouths of the Tumatskaya branch, the forms of marine accumulation are unstable, and the marine terrace in the northeastern part of the delta shows a minor local erosion. The periods of erosion in different delta areas are not synchronous and the eroded zones are not large in size. No increment in the land, nor shore progradation have been seen.

Observations show that the space and time heterogeneity of river water composition persists over indefinite time even when the effect of pollutant sources and sinks is minor. The driving forces of such heterogeneity have been supposed and shown to be, among other factors, the stratification of water matrix. Studying the structure of water flow and its effect on pollutant distribution in water was based on a system of fundamental equations of the mechanics of a fluid with a free surface. It has been shown that such effect is due to the fine structure of flows, vortices, waves and highgradient interfaces (ligaments), which is formed and maintained by the motion of water masses. This conclusion extends our knowledge of the hydrological characteristics of water flow, enables one to better understand the nature of the heterogeneity of natural water composition, and it is of practical significance as such heterogeneity can be taken into account in making water management decisions.

A database covering at least 30 years is required for calculation of the wind-induced waves mode in accordance with recommendations of the World Meteorological Organization. Continuous measurements of wind-induced waves for this period of time are missing or available only for a limited number of offshore strips. Typically this information is a result of calculations based on numerical (spectral) hydrodynamic models of the wind-induced waves while input data is information regarding wind from reanalyzes. Reanalysis can be used for calculation of wind-induced waves without any preliminary processing but not for all offshore zones. The Caspian Sea is used as an example to demonstrate an approach to revision of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis data and study results are provided.

Microelements in bottom sediments may enter different compounds; however, of greatest interest are their mobile forms as the most bioavailable. The microelements speciation in the pore water and solid phase of bottom sediments were studied in the cooling reservoir of the Kalinin NPP (lakes Udomlya and Pes’vo).

Chlorophyll a concentration, the total abundance of bacteria, the number of bacterial cells with active metabolism, and the abundance of saprotrophic bacteria were studied in the surface and bottom water layers of Lake Beloe in winter and spring 2015–2016. The abundance of sanitary-indicator microorganisms was determined for the first time with the use of Petrifilm test-systems (3MTM Petrifilm™). In most cases, Lake Beloe water in spring and winter was found to correspond to eutrophic level (in terms of chlorophyll a concentration in water) and polysaprobic status (in terms of microbiological indices). By its sanitary-microbiological characteristics, the lake is clear—the values of the total microbial count, determined with the use of test-systems 3M™ Petrifilm™ Aqua (AQHC), were <1000 CFU/mL, and the abundance of coliform bacteria, determined with the use of test-systems 3M™ Petrifilm™ Aqua (AQСC), varied from 20 to 135 CFU/100 mL. Coliform bacteria were mostly found in the bottom water layer. It was shown that, in the organization of ecological–microbiological studies, special attention is to be paid to the bottom horizons of water bodies.

This research is devoted to identification and assessment of basic indicators for regional water use as one of components of social-natural-technogenic system. Basic indicators are estimated on the example of Siberian industrial agglomerations such as Krasnoyarsk and the Kemerovo regions. These regions are considered as pilot for development of the social-natural-technogenic systems’ concept. Identification of basic indicators is a first stage in the problem of sustainable regional development risks assessment.