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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Tractors and Agricultural Machinery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Tractors and Agricultural Machinery</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Тракторы и сельхозмашины</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0321-4443</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-425X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">630654</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/0321-4443-630654</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">OACLUG</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Quality, reliability</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Качество, надёжность</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Ensuring reliability of hydraulic systems of road construction machines</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Обеспечение надёжности гидравлических систем строительно-дорожных машин</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-8177</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7972-1668</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pugin</surname><given-names>Konstantin G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пугин</surname><given-names>Константин Георгиевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Engineering), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р техн. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>123zzz@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8829-2901</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6547-2428</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shayakbarov</surname><given-names>Ilnur E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаякбаров</surname><given-names>Ильнур Эльмарович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>senior lecturer</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший преподаватель</p></bio><email>ilnur199459@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Perm National Research Polytechnic University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="kk"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="pt"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Perm State Agrarian and Technological University named after Academician D.N. Pryanishnikov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Пермский государственный аграрно-технологический университет имени академика Д.Н. Прянишникова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Perm National Research Polytechnic University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-05-22" publication-format="electronic"><day>22</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-03-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>92</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>176</fpage><lpage>184</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-05-01"><day>01</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-25"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-06-21"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0321-4443/article/view/630654">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0321-4443/article/view/630654</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND: </bold>Modern construction and agricultural machines have a hydraulic system that controls the working equipment. The reliability and long service life of the hydraulic system determines the reliability of the entire machine as a whole. Main of reasons for the failure of hydraulic systems are contamination of the working fluid with wear products of the internal surfaces of hydraulic machines, external contaminants, and changes in the properties of the working fluid. The filters currently used cannot always clean the working fluid during machine operation. The degree of cleaning of the working fluid depends not only on the fineness of filtration, but also on the features of the circulation of the working fluid circulation. Currently, insufficient attention is paid to the design of hydraulic systems, in particular to the mutual arrangement of individual elements of hydraulic systems.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> Increasing the reliability of the hydraulic drive of construction and agricultural machines by assessing and preventing the possibility of forming incomplete circulation of the working fluid.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</bold> The study object is a hydraulic system in which a hydraulic cylinder is installed. To evaluate the circulation of the working fluid in the hydraulic lines of the hydraulic system during the operation of the hydraulic cylinder operation, a hydraulic cylinder with a piston diameter of 100 mm, high-pressure hoses with an internal diameter of 8 mm and a length of 0.7 m to 8 m were used. A filter was provided in the hydraulic system for cleaning the working fluid, which was installed on the drain line. The assessment was made using the calculation method.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS: </bold>It was found that the quality of cleaning the working fluid of hydraulic systems when using hydraulic cylinders in them is affected by the ratio of the volumes in the piston and rod cavities to the volumes in the hydraulic lines that link these cavities with the distributor. It is proposed to use the distance coefficient to check the possibility of complete cleaning of the working fluid. Several technical solutions are proposed to eliminate the formation of zones in which complete circulation of the working fluid does not occur.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> The reliability of hydraulic systems of construction and agricultural machines can be increased by improving the circulation of the working fluid. To do this, when designing hydraulic systems, it is necessary to take into account in advance the features of the circulation of the working fluid from hydraulic motors to distributors.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Современные строительные и сельскохозяйственные машины имеют в своём составе гидравлическую систему, которая обеспечивает управление рабочим оборудованием. Надёжность и высокий ресурс работоспособности гидросистемы определяет и надёжность всей машины в целом. Значительное количество причин выхода из строя гидросистем является загрязнение рабочей жидкости продуктами износа внутренних поверхностей гидромашин, внешние загрязнители, изменение свойств рабочей жидкости. Используемые в настоящее время фильтры не всегда могут произвести очистку рабочей жидкости вовремя эксплуатации машины. Степень очистки рабочей жидкости зависит не только от тонкости фильтрации, а также и от особенностей циркуляции рабочей жидкости. В настоящее время уделяется не достаточное внимание вопросам проектирования гидросистем, в частности, взаимному расположению отдельных элементов гидросистем.</p> <p><bold>Цель работы</bold> — повышение надежности гидропривода строительных и сельскохозяйственных машин за счет оценки и предотвращения возможности формирования не полной циркуляции рабочей жидкости.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> Объектом исследования выступает гидросистема, в которой установлен гидроцилиндр. Для оценки циркуляции рабочей жидкости по гидролиниям гидросистемы при работе гидроцилиндра использовали гидроцилиндр с диаметром поршня 100 мм, рукава высокого давления с внутренним диаметром 8 мм и длиной от 0,7 м до 8 м. В гидросистему для очистки рабочей жидкости был предусмотрен фильтр, который был установлен на сливной магистрали. Оценка была произведена расчетным методом.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Установлено, что на качество очистки рабочей жидкости гидросистем при использовании в них гидроцилиндров влияет соотношение объемов в поршневой и штоковой полости к объёмам в гидролиниях, которые подходят к данным полостям от распределителя. Для проверки возможности полной очистки рабочей жидкости использовался коэффициент удаленности. Предложено несколько технических решений позволяющих исключить формирования зон, в которых не происходит полная циркуляция рабочей жидкости</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Надёжность гидросистем строительных и сельскохозяйственных машин можно повысить за счет улучшения циркуляции рабочей жидкости. Для этого необходимо при проектировании гидравлических систем заранее учитывать особенности циркуляции рабочей жидкости от гидродвигателей до распределителей.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hydraulic systems</kwd><kwd>circulation</kwd><kwd>working fluid</kwd><kwd>reliability</kwd><kwd>hydraulic cylinder</kwd><kwd>hydraulic drive</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гидравлические системы</kwd><kwd>циркуляция</kwd><kwd>рабочая жидкость</kwd><kwd>надёжность</kwd><kwd>гидроцилиндр</kwd><kwd>гидропривод</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Pugin KG, Shajakbarov IJe. Improving the reliability of hydraulic systems of construction and road machines operated in the winter period in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State University of Technology and Design. Series 1: Natural and technical sciences. 2022;(1):154–162. 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