Tractors and Agricultural MachineryTractors and Agricultural Machinery0321-44432782-425XEco-Vector6623710.17816/0321-4443-66237Research ArticleResearch of viscosity characteristics of biofuels based on vegetable oilsMarkovV. ADSc in Engineeringvladimir.markov58@yandex.ruDevyaninS. NDSc in Engineering-ZykovS. APhD in Engineeringzykov.sa@yandex.ruSaBoven'Engineer-N.E. Bauman Moscow State Technical UniversityRussian State Agrarian University - Moscow K.A. Timiryazev Agricultural Academy1512201683123927042021Copyright © 2016, Markov V.A., Devyanin S.N., Zykov S.A., Sa B.2016Depletion of oil fields and environmental deterioration demand the search of alternative sources of energy. Actuality of the article is driven by the need for increased use of alternative fuels in internal combustion engines. As advanced alternative fuels for diesel engines, the article considers fuels extracted from vegetable oils and animal fatty substances. These fuels are produced from renewable feedstocks and characterized by good environmental qualities. The advantages of use of vegetable origin fuels as motor fuel are shown. One of the problems of use of fuels based on vegetable oils is their increased viscosity. The viscosity characteristics of mixtures of petroleum diesel fuel and vegetable oils are investigated. Various vegetable oils, namely rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, corn oil, mustard oil, as well as oil extracted from the Pongamia Pinnata plant are considered. A method of approximation of viscosity characteristics of mixed biofuels in the form of algebraic polynomial is suggested. Experimental data on viscosity of these oils and their mixtures with petroleum diesel fuel are used in calculation researches. Approximating dependences of these experimental data with the use of the familiar logarithmic method and a suggested algebraic method are obtained. The analysis of approximation accuracy of experimental data on viscosity of biofuel is carried out with the use of mentioned methods. Parameters of the D-245.12S diesel engine operating on mixtures of rapeseed and sunflower oils with petroleum diesel fuel are presented. The effectiveness of the suggested method of approximation of viscosity characteristics of petroleum diesel fuel and vegetable oils mixtures is shown. The method is characterized by high accuracy and can be used for the approximation of viscosity characteristics of various fuel mixtures.diesel enginepetroleum diesel fuelalternative fuelvegetable oilrapeseed oilsunflower oilsoybean oilcorn oilmustard oilPongamia Pinnata oilbiofuel mixtureviscosityдизельный двигательнефтяное дизельное топливоальтернативное топливорастительное маслорапсовое маслоподсолнечное маслосоевое маслокукурузное маслогорчичное масломасло растения Pongamia Pinnataсмесевое биотопливовязкость[Льотко В., Луканин В.Н., Хачиян А.С. Применение альтернативных топлив в двигателях внутреннего сгорания. М.: Изд-во МАДИ (ТУ), 2000. 311 с.][Александров А.А., Архаров И.А., Багров В.В. и др. Альтернативные топлива для двигателей внутреннего сгорания / Под ред. А.А. Александрова, В.А. Маркова. М.: ООО НИЦ «Инженер», ООО «Оника-М», 2012. 791 с.][Васильев И.П. Влияние топлив растительного происхождения на экологические и экономические показатели дизеля. Луганск: Изд-во ВНУ им. В. Даля, 2009. 240 c.][Марков В.А., Девянин С.Н., Семенов В.Г. и др. Использование растительных масел и топлив на их основе в дизельных двигателях. М.: ООО НИЦ «Инженер», 2011. 536 с.][Марков В.А., Девянин С.Н., Мальчук В.И. Впрыскивание и распыливание топлива в дизелях. М.: Изд-во МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана, 2007. 360 с.][Грехов Л.В., Иващенко Н.А., Марков В.А. Системы топливоподачи и управления дизелей: Учеб. для вузов. 2-е изд. М.: Легион-Автодата, 2005. 344 с.][Goering C.E., Schwab A.W., Daugherty M.J. et al. Fuel properties of eleven oil fuels // SAE Technical Paper Series. 1981, vol. 81-3579, pp. 1-7. DOI: 10.13031/2013.33748.][Kapseu C., Kayem G.J., Balesdent D. et al. The viscosity of cottonseed oil, fractionation solvents and their solutions // Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society. 1991, vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 128-130. DOI: 10.1007/BF02662333.][Erhan S.Z., Asadauskas S., Adhvaryu A. Correlation of viscosities of vegetable oil blends with selected esters and hydrocarbons // Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society. 2002, vol. 79, no. 11, pp. 1157-1161. DOI: 10.1007/s11746-002-0620-5.][Fasina O.O., Hallman H., Craig-Schmidt M. et al. Predicting temperature-dependance viscosity of vegetable oils from fatty acid composition // Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society. 2006, vol. 83, no. 10, pp. 899-903. DOI: 10.1007/s11746-006-5044-8.][Senthil Kumar M., Ramesh A., Nagalingam B. Experimental investigations on a jatropha oil methanol dual fuel engine // SAE Technical Paper Series. 2001, no. 2001-01-0153, pp. 1-7. DOI: 10.4271/2001-01-0153.][Kalam M.A., Masjuki H.H. Emissions and deposit characteristics of a small diesel engine when operated on preheated crude palm oil // SAE Technical Paper Series. 2005, no. 2005-01-3697, pp. 1-7. DOI: 10.4271/2005-01-3697.][Eyring H. Viscosity, plasticity, and diffusion as examples of absolute reaction rates // The Journal of Chemical Physics. 1936, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 283-291. DOI: 10.1063/1.1749836.][McAllister R.A. The viscosity of liquid mixtures // AIChE Journal. 1960, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 427-431. DOI: 10.1002/aic.690060316.][Dominguez M., Pardo J.I., Gascon I.G. et al. Viscosities of the ternary mixture (2-butanol + n-hexane + 1-butylamine) at 298.15 and 313.15 K // Fluid Phase Equilibria. 2000, vol. 169, no. 2, pp. 277-292. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-3812(00)00332-0.][Марков В.А., Девянин С.Н., Зыков С.А. и др. Биотоплива для двигателей внутреннего сгорания. М.: ООО НИЦ «Инженер» (Союз НИО), 2016. 292 с.]