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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Plasma Physics Reports</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Plasma Physics Reports</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физика плазмы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0367-2921</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-6371</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">668914</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0367292123600607</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">HAWJYO</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LOW TEMPERATURE PLASMA</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НИЗКОТЕМПЕРАТУРНАЯ ПЛАЗМА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Kinetic Model of Vacuum Plasma Expansion in a Cylindrical Gap</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Кинетическая модель вакуумного расширения плазмы в цилиндрическом промежутке</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozhevnikov</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кожевников</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>kozyrev@to.hcei.tsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozyrev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козырев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>kozyrev@to.hcei.tsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kokovin</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коковин</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>kozyrev@to.hcei.tsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenyuk</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенюк</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>kozyrev@to.hcei.tsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of High Current Electronics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт сильноточной электроники СО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-11-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>49</volume><issue>11</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>1170</fpage><lpage>1177</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-27"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0367-2921/article/view/668914">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0367-2921/article/view/668914</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Results of a theoretical description of collisionless kinetics of radial expansion of two-component (electron–ion) plasma in the one-dimensional cylindrical formulation of the problem are presented. The electric-field mechanism of supersonic expansion of the plasma flame due to the motion of the electron–ion ensemble and self-consistent electric field in the diode with the potential difference applied to it is demonstrated. The spatiotemporal evolution of the ion energy distribution function, electric potential, and rate of expansion of the emission boundary of the plasma flame is shown. The calculated rates of flame expansion at the copper cathode (~1.5 × 106 cm/s) well agree with the experimental data.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p id="idm45257553299632">Представлены результаты теоретического описания бесстолкновительной кинетики радиального разлета двухкомпонентной (электрон-ионной) плазмы в одномерной цилиндрической постановке задачи. Продемонстрирован электрополевой механизм сверхзвукового расширения плазменного факела, обусловленный движением электрон-ионного ансамбля и самосогласованного электрического поля в диоде с приложенной к нему разностью потенциалов. Показана пространственно-временная эволюция функции распределения ионов по энергиям, электрического потенциала и скорости расширения эмиссионной границы плазменного факела. Полученные в расчете скорости расширения факела на медном катоде (~1.5 × 10<sup>6</sup> см/с) находятся в хорошем согласии с экспериментальными данными.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>kinetics of rarefied plasma</kwd><kwd>collisionless plasma</kwd><kwd>cathode flame</kwd><kwd>vacuum discharge</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кинетика разреженной плазмы</kwd><kwd>бесстолкновительная плазма</kwd><kwd>катодный факел</kwd><kwd>вакуумный разряд</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Boxman R.L., Sanders D., Martin P. Vacuum Arc Science and Technology. Noyes, Park Ridge, NJ, 1995.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Brown I.G., Galvin J.E., MacGill R.A. // Appl. Phys. Lett. 1985. V. 47. P. 358.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Anders A. Cathodics Arcs: From Fractal Spots to Energetic Condensation. 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