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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Plasma Physics Reports</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Plasma Physics Reports</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физика плазмы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0367-2921</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-6371</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">692864</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0367292125060022</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOKAMAKS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТОКАМАКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">NONLINEAR DYNAMICS OF LINEARLY UNSTABLE n = 0 ELECTROSTATIC PERTURBATIONS IN CONVENTIONAL TOKAMAK PLASMAS</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>НЕЛИНЕЙНАЯ ДИНАМИКА ЛИНЕЙНО НЕУСТОЙЧИВЫХ n = 0 ЭЛЕКТРОСТАТИЧЕСКИХ ВОЗМУЩЕНИЙ В ПЛАЗМЕ КЛАССИЧЕСКОГО ТОКАМАКА</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokina</surname><given-names>E. A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокина</surname><given-names>Е. А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>Sorokina_EA@nrcki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute"</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИЦ "Курчатовский институт"</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>51</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 51, NO6 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 51, №6 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>591</fpage><lpage>611</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-11"><day>11</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-06-15"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0367-2921/article/view/692864">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0367-2921/article/view/692864</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The nonlinear dynamics of axisymmetric radially localized oscillations of the electric potential in a tokamak with stationary toroidal plasma rotation is investigated. In the linear approximation, these oscillations split into two independent branches: geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) and low-frequency zonal flows (ZFs). The stability of the latter is determined by the specifics of plasma equilibrium, and the frequency/growth rate – by the velocity of stationary rotation. It is shown that the nonlinear dynamics of the electric potential and the associated fluctuations of pressure, density, and longitudinal plasma velocity within the MHD model has integrals of motion. The evolution of the electric potential and hydrodynamic plasma characteristics is calculated for different velocities of stationary plasma rotation and for different initial values of the electric field perturbations. The regime, which initial stage corresponds to linearly unstable ZF, is studied in detail. It is shown that at the nonlinear stage, the fluctuations of electric potential reach amplitude-limited oscillations of both low frequency and GAM. The resulting oscillation spectrum exhibits GAM frequency splitting and intermittency.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Исследована нелинейная динамика осесимметричных радиально локализованных колебаний электрического потенциала в токамаке со стационарным тороидальным вращением плазмы. В линейном приближении эти колебания распадаются на две независимые ветви: геодезические акустические моды (ГАМ) и низкочастотные зональные течения (ЗТ). Устойчивость последних определяется спецификой равновесия плазмы, а частота/инкремент — скоростью стационарного вращения. Показано, что нелинейная динамика электрического потенциала и сцепленных с ним флуктуаций давления, плотности и скорости плазмы вдоль направления магнитного поля в рамках магнитогидродинамической модели обладает интегралами движения. Эволюция электрического потенциала и гидродинамических характеристик плазмы рассчитана для различных скоростей стационарного вращения плазмы и различных начальных возмущений электрического поля. Подробно исследован режим, начальная стадия которого соответствует линейно неустойчивому ЗТ. Показано, что на нелинейной стадии флуктуации потенциала выходят на ограниченные по амплитуде колебания как низкой частоты, так и ГАМ. Итоговая картина спектра колебаний демонстрирует расщепление частоты и перемежаемость ГАМ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>zonal flows</kwd><kwd>geodesic acoustic mode</kwd><kwd>tokamak</kwd><kwd>MHD</kwd><kwd>nonlinearity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>зональные течения</kwd><kwd>геодезическая акустическая мода</kwd><kwd>токамак</kwd><kwd>МГД</kwd><kwd>нелинейность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа проведена в рамках выполнения государственного задания НИЦ "Курчатовский институт"</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Conway G.D., Smolyakov A.I., Ido T. // Nucl. Fusion. 2022. V. 62. P. 013001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac0dd1</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Diamond P.H., Itoh S.-I., Itoh K., Hahm T.S. // Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion. 2005. V. 47. P. 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