Vol 71, No 2 (2022)

Objective of the study. To carry out the analysis of the literature data devoted to the problem of diagnostics, pathogenesis, clinic of osteoporosis and osteoporosis fractures in children and teenagers, complex prevention of osteoporosis and osteoporosis fractures with the use of calcium (Ca), vitamin D, Osteo-Vit D3. Material and methods. The authors have studied 20 foreign articles by authors from India, Australia, Canada, Spain, the USA, Great Britain, the Netherlands, New Zealand, China, Ireland and 20 Russian publications which regard the problem of prevention of osteoporosis and osteoporosis fractures, including in children and teenagers with application of Ca, vitamin D as well as the Russian preparation Osteo-Vit D3. Results. The authors observed that 50% of children under 18 years of age suffered fractures. The study showed that deformities and fractures of the vertebral bodies were a specific feature of the course of osteoporosis in children associated with hormone therapy. They found that 38% of children had vitamin D deficiency. Found associations of low vitamin D levels and recurrent osteoporotic fractures. Revealed that vitamin D is essential for normal body Ca homeostasis and bone metabolism. Reflected data on the importance of Ca and vitamin D preparations in increasing bone mineral density and preventing osteoporosis. Found that vitamin D supplementation was associated with a decreased risk of fracture. Recommended supplementation with Ca and vitamin D to prevent osteoporotic fractures. We studied the effectiveness of the Russian drug Osteo-Vit D3 in comparison with foreign analogues. It was obtained that prescription of Osteo-Vit D3 was associated with an increase in bone mineral density and a reduced risk of fractures. By its properties Osteo-Vit D3 was not inferior to foreign Calcemin preparations. Conclusions. Thus, Osteo vit D3 is a promising preparation for increase of mineral density of bone tissue, strength of bones, prevention of osteoporosis and osteoporosis fractures in children and teenagers. In addition, Osteo-Vit D3 was developed by Russian scientists and its properties are not inferior to the foreign drug Calcemin.

Introduction. To preserve the maximum content of biologically active substances (BAS) in medicinal plant raw materials during storage, it is necessary to subject it to conservation. Modern methods of preservation are drying and freezing. However, in both cases, the content of BAS will vary due to various factors. Thus, it is necessary to research the choice of a priority conservation method to preserve the highest content of BAS in medicinal plant raw materials. Objective: to study the effect of freezing and drying of medicinal plant raw materials on the content of BAS. Material and methods. Fresh lingonberry fruits (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.), collected on the territory of the Tver region during the fruiting period in 2020 and subjected to conservation. Determination of BAS content (ascorbic acid, organic acids, tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanins) in fruits was carried out according to the methods set out in pharmacopoeia monographs. Results. In the course of a comparative study of BAS, it was found that in frozen fruits the content of ascorbic acid, organic acids, flavonoids decreased by 7, 8 and 26%, respectively, and the content of tannins and anthocyanins even increased slightly. The drying conditions (natural and artificial drying) did not affect the content of BAS. A significant decrease in the content of ascorbic acid was observed in the dried fruits. During the storage of frozen fruits for 6 months, there was a tendency to decrease ascorbic acid and anthocyanins, the number of organic acids practically did not change. Data on the storage of dried fruits indicate the stabilization of the content of BAS after 3 months of storage. Conclusion. It is shown that freezing, as a conservation method, is the most preferable for preserving the content of BAS in the medicinal plant raw materials. The stability of BAS in frozen and dried fruits during storage has been studied. The recommended shelf life of frozen fruits is 6 months and of dried fruits is 12 months.

Introduction. The species of the genus Hedysarum L., Fabaceae family are of considerable interest from a pharmacognostic point of view. In these species, one of the main biologically active substances is xanthones, xanthone glycoside mangiferin, having pronounced antibacterial and antiviral activity, with respect to DNA-containing viruses. Due to these pharmacological properties, the search for additional raw sources of mangiferin is promising. Objective: development of a methodology for quantitative determination of mangiferin in the aerial part of Hedysarum caucasicum M. Bieb. by HPLC. Material and methods. The objects of the study were samples of the aerial part of Hedysarum caucasicum M. Bieb. collected on the territory of Kabardino-Balkary and Karachai-Cherkessya republics. Electronic spectra were recorded on Shimadzu Prominence LC-20AD liquid chromatograph, with a DGU-20A3R degasser. Mangiferin Sigma-Aldrich was used as a standard sample. The mobile phase was a mixture of buffer solution, acetonitrile and methanol in a ratio of 81:16:3. Results. The technique takes into account the basic physical and chemical properties of xanthones, is characterized by reproducibility, high accuracy, simplicity of execution, allows to carry out both screening evaluation of various raw objects containing mangiferin, as well as standardization of prepared medicinal plant raw materials. As a result, 0.13-0.15% of mangiferin was found in the aerial organs of Hedysarum caucasicum. Conclusion. The results show that there is sufficient mangiferin in the aerian part of the Hedysarum caucasicum, which makes it possible to recommend mangiferin as an additional raw material source as an antiviral agent of domestic origin.

Introduction. This paper analyzes the general situation of drug supply and builds a mathematical model for improving the quality of pharmaceutical services based on an analysis of licensing requirements and conditions using the Sverdlovsk region as an example. Objective: to identify risk-based points in the implementation of pharmaceutical activities and build a mathematical model of the impact of the quality of education of pharmaceutical specialists on the pharmaceutical services provided. Material and methods. Data from the Unified Register of Licenses of Roszdravnadzor. The analysis was carried out by the method of content analysis. Results. It is shown that in the pharmaceutical market there are certain features, expressed in a legal nature, associated with licensing and the risk-based approach used in organizing inspections. The paper describes situations related to the stages and issues of licensing, and schemes with risk points for obtaining a license for pharmaceutical activities, the possibility of self-assessment of compliance with licensing requirements. The organizational and legal forms and their attractiveness for entering the market of the Sverdlovsk region are described. It is noted that conditionally these requirements can be divided into four stages. The first requirement relates to the assessment of the premises, the organization of their functioning, compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements. The second requirement relates to the formation of a system for accounting and preparation of equipment for the placement of medicines. The third scheme describes the training of specialists involved in pharmaceutical activities, and the fourth one deals with the validation of the main business processes. A mathematical model has been developed that links consumers, the demand for medicines, and the professional qualifications of a specialist with a pharmaceutical education. It is concluded that licensing requirements set a barrier that improves the quality of drug provision and increases the social well-being of the population. Conclusion. Currently, it is necessary to improve the quality of drug provision by improving the quality of education of pharmaceutical workers through the accreditation procedure.