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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Voprosy Jazykoznanija</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Voprosy Jazykoznanija</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы языкознания</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0373-658X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5243</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">679339</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/0373-658X.2025.2.26-48</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">What is the Russian “elemental” construction (of the type <italic>vetrom sorvalo kryšu</italic> ‘the roof was ripped off by the wind’) about?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>В чем суть русской «стихийной» конструкции (модель: <italic>ветром сорвало крышу</italic>)?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Schlund</surname><given-names>Katrin</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шлунд</surname><given-names>Катрин</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="DE">Germany</country></address><email>katrin.schlund@slavistik.uni-halle.de</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Martin Luther University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Мартина Лютера</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-05-09"><day>09</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0373-658X/article/view/679339">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0373-658X/article/view/679339</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The so-called “elemental” construction (of the type <italic>vetrom sorvalo kryšu</italic> ‘the roof was ripped off by the wind’ or <italic>soldata ranilo pulej</italic> ‘the soldier was wounded by a bullet’), also known as Adversity Impersonal, is one of the most enigmatic impersonal constructions in Russian. Although this construction has attracted the attention of researchers since the 19<sup>th</sup> century, no proposed analysis encompasses morphosyntactic, lexico-semantic, and pragmatic aspects of its use. This paper suggests an analysis of this construction as a marked morphosyntactic structure signaling deviation from prototypical causation. The causative analysis leads to a holistic understanding of the construction, including metaphorical uses and other atypical cases. All conclusions are based on empirical evidence.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Так называемая «стихийная» конструкция (модель: <italic>ветром сорвало крышу</italic> или <italic>солдата ранило пулей</italic>) является одной из самых загадочных безличных конструкций русского языка. Хотя она привлекала внимание исследователей уже с XIX в., до сих пор отсутствует целостный анализ, который учитывал бы морфосинтаксические, лексико-семантические и прагматические аспекты ее употребления. Данная статья предлагает анализ «стихийной» конструкции как маркированной морфосинтаксической структуры, сигнализирующей об отклонении от прототипической каузативности. Каузативный анализ позволяет получить целостное понимание конструкции, включая метафорические употребления и другие нетипичные случаи. Все выводы основаны на эмпирических данных.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adversative</kwd><kwd>causative</kwd><kwd>elemental construction</kwd><kwd>impersonal</kwd><kwd>Russian</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>адверсатив</kwd><kwd>имперсонал</kwd><kwd>каузатив</kwd><kwd>русский язык</kwd><kwd>стихийная конструкция</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Баклагова 2010 — Баклагова Ю. В. Предельность/непредельность как аспектуальный признак глагольного предиката. Актуальные проблемы филологии и педагогической лингвистики, 2010, 12: 240–244. [Baklagova Yu. V. 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