Voprosy JazykoznanijaVoprosy JazykoznanijaВопросы языкознания0373-658X3034-5243The Russian Academy of Sciences69110210.31857/0373-658X.2025.4.154-174Special issue in memory of Leonid L. IomdinСпецвыпуск памяти Л. Л. ИомдинаResearch ArticleRussian sentences of the type Mne negde spat′ ‘I have no place to sleep’: Once moreЕще раз о русских фразах типа Мне негде спатьMel’čukI. AМельчукИ. Аigor.melcuk@umontreal.caUniversité de MontréalМонреальский университет150920255№ 5 (2025): Special issue in memory of Leonid L. Iomdin№5 (2025): Спецвыпуск памяти Л. Л. Иомдина15417421092025Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук2025Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0373-658X/article/view/691102

The paper describes Russian sentences of the form (i) Mne est′ gde spat′ ‘I have a place to sleep′ and (ii) Mne ØPRES Byt′I.1 negde spat′ ‘I have no place to sleep′. It is shown that there is no syntactic parallelism between such sentences: in (i), the wordform est′ is the present-tense form of the existential verb Byt′III.2 ≈ ‘there be′, and the wordform gde is the pseudo-relative pronominal adverb GDE2a , which depends on the verb in the infinitive (on spat′); in (ii), the wordform ØPRES Byt′I.1 is the zero present-tense form of the copula Byt′I.1 ‘be′, and negde ≈ ‘there being no place′ is a predicative pronominal adverb, which obligatorily depends on Byt′I.1 in the role of a support verb. The lexical entry for NEGDE is supplied. A phrase of the form gde mne spat′ lit. ‘where to me to sleep′ is a particular syntactic formation: a modal-infinitive phrase. Such a phrase and the verb Byt′III.2 constitute a syntactically discontinuous collocation of a special type. The problem of actant transfer in collocations with a support verb (from the base to the collocate) is considered; the schematic overviews of the vocables Byt′ and GDE are proposed.

В статье описываются фразы формы (i) Mne est′ gde spat′ и (ii) Mne ØPRES Byt′I.1 negde spat′. Показано, что подобные фразы синтаксически не параллельны: в (i) словоформа est′ — это форма настоящего времени экзистенциального глагола Byt′III.2 ≈ ‘иметься′, а gde — псевдо-относительное местоименное наречие gde2a , зависящее от глагола в инфинитиве (spat′); в (ii) нулевая словоформа ØPRES Byt′I.1 является формой настоящего времени связки Byt′I.1 , negde же — предикативное местоименное наречие, зависящее от Byt′I.1 в роли опорного глагола. Предлагается словарная статья для nEgde. Выражение gde mne spat′ представляет собой особое синтаксическое образование: модально-инфинитивное словосочетание; такое словосочетание, взятое с глаголом Byt′III.2 , составляет синтаксически разрывную коллокацию особого типа. Рассматривается перенос, или миграция, актантов в коллокациях с опорным глаголом — от базы к коллокату; даются схематические очерки вокабул Byt′ и gde.

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