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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Economics and Mathematical Methods</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Economics and Mathematical Methods</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экономика и математические методы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0424-7388</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-6177</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">653281</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0424738824040066</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Industrial problems</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Отраслевые проблемы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Predicting the probability of failure in medicinesʼ public procurement</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Прогнозирование вероятности незакрытия торгов по государственной закупке лекарственных препаратов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Denisova</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денисова</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>a.i.denisova@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sozaeva</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Созаева</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dasozaeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gonchar</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончар</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>goncharkv@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleksandrov</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Александров</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>grishaalexx@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The State University of Management</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный университет управления</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">“PROGOSZAKAZ.RF”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">УЦ «ПРОГОСЗАКАЗ.РФ»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-11-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>60</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>65</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-03"><day>03</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0424-7388/article/view/653281">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0424-7388/article/view/653281</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The quality and timeliness of medicinesʼ supply to the healthcare system through public procurement is an urgent task of public policy in all countries of the world, including Russia. Failure to close (failure of tenders, termination of already concluded contracts) procurement procedures in such a socially significant area carries risks for the population, provokes the emergence of hidden transaction costs for the budget system to eliminate the consequences of procurement failures. In their previous works, the authors identified the factors that lead to the failure to close tenders for the purchase of remedies, and initially assessed the consequences of their influence on procurement procedures. The purpose of this article is to present a mathematical model of the probability of non-closure tenders based on the obtained results. To achieve this goal, through processing more than 1 million notifications of public procurement of remedies for 2022–2023, collected from the open sources, the tasks with no methodological solutions were completed. Thus, a set of features accompanying the failure to close procedures for the purchase of remedies was compiled. The composition of identified features was analyzed; their influence on non-closure of the procedure was assessed. A model of the probability of non-closure of the procedure was constructed, and the results were interpreted. Unlike previously published studies, the forecast model was implemented on the ensembles of decision trees using gradient boosting. This made possible to significantly improve the quality of the forecast for each factor affecting the probability of non-closure of the bidding. The results obtained in the article are not only scientifically novel, but can also be used by regulatory and control bodies in public procurement to develop methodological recommendations for customers on establishing optimal conditions for concluding and fulfilling contracts, which will reduce procurement risks and damage to the state budget.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Качество и своевременность лекарственного снабжения системы здравоохранения посредством проведения государственных закупок является актуальной задачей государственной политики во всех странах мира, включая Россию. Незакрытие (срыв торгов, расторжение уже заключенных контрактов) закупочных процедур в такой социально значимой сфере несет риски для населения, провоцирует возникновение скрытых транзакционных затрат для бюджетной системы, связанных с устранением последствий неудач в закупках. Авторский коллектив в предыдущих работах выявил факторы, которые приводят к незакрытию торгов по закупке лекарственных препаратов и первично оценил последствия их влияния на процедуры закупок. Цель же данной статьи — отталкиваясь от полученных результатов, представить математическую модель вероятности незакрытия торгов. Для достижения поставленной цели путем обработки более 1 млн извещений о государственных закупках лекарственных препаратов за 2022–2023 гг., собранных из открытых источников, выполнены задачи, методологически не решенные до настоящего времени. Так, составлен набор признаков, сопутствующих незакрытию процедур по закупке лекарственных препаратов; проанализирован состав выделенных признаков, оценено их влияние на факт незакрытия процедуры; построена модель вероятности незакрытия процедуры; проанализированы результаты. В отличие от ранее опубликованных исследований прогнозная модель реализована на ансамблях деревьев решений способом градиентного бустинга. Это позволило существенно повысить качество прогноза по каждому фактору, влияющему на вероятность незакрытия торгов. Полученные в статье результаты обладают не только научной новизной, но и могут быть использованы органами регулирования и контроля в сфере государственных закупок для выработки методических рекомендаций заказчикам, направленных на установление оптимальных условий заключения и исполнения контрактов, что приведет к снижению рисков закупок и ущерба для государственного бюджета.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>public procurement of remedies</kwd><kwd>failed procedures</kwd><kwd>probability of non-closure of tenders for public procurement</kwd><kwd>gradient boosting model</kwd><kwd>public procurement risks</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>государственные закупки лекарственных препаратов</kwd><kwd>несостоявшиеся процедуры</kwd><kwd>вероятность незакрытия торгов по государственным закупкам</kwd><kwd>модель на градиентном бустинге</kwd><kwd>риски государственных закупок</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Гришин А. 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