Economics and Mathematical MethodsEconomics and Mathematical MethodsЭкономика и математические методы0424-73883034-6177The Russian Academy of Sciences65331010.31857/S0424738824010033World economyМировая экономикаResearch ArticleThe genesis of international banking regulation: A literature review using text analysisГенезис международного банковского регулирования: обзор литературы с применением текстового анализаFedorovaE. A.ФедороваЕ. А.
Russian Federation
ecolena@mail.ruMeshkovaE. I.МешковаЕ. И.
Russian Federation
eimeshkova@fa.ruNevredinovA. R.НеврединовА. Р.
Russian Federation
a.r.nevredinov@gmail.comFinancial University under the Government of the Russian FederationФинансовый университет при Правительстве Российской ФедерацииBauman Moscow State Technical UniversityМГТУ им. Н. Э. Баумана03072024601314503022025Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук2024Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0424-7388/article/view/653310

This paper reviews the publications on the development of banking regulation and identifies the major topics within this research area. The aim of this study is to summarize the empirical evidence of the academic literature on banking regulation for the last 30 years. For the systematic review we use a range of databases. To reach this aim we combine the elements of technical text analysis and method of expert assessment. To identify the major topics within the research area of banking regulation we develop a complex methodology based on text analysis which includes: principal component analysis, clustering, social network analysis. This approach differentiates our study from the similar ones. The primary result is a systematic review of academic literature that estimates the outcomes of banking regulation from Basel I to Basel III. Using a variety of methods we not only identify the key topics but also systematized the findings according to each topic. The implementation of the BCBS Agreements (Basel I–III) helped to improve financial stability and reduce the probability of banks’ default. At the same time, the analysis showed, in general, a negative assessment of the impact of capital adequacy regulation on the lending activity of banks, on the bank interest margin and, accordingly, the efficiency of banking activities. In some cases, it is confirmed that the increase in market discipline and the expansion of the supervisory powers of the authorities (Basel II) leads to an increase in banking efficiency. The study contributes to the existing literature in several aspects. 1. We cover various aspects of estimation of banking regulation development, namely, its impact on the financial stability of banks, on their lending activity and efficiency. 2. The study covers a broad range of publications over the last 30 years including highly-cited papers as well as the recent articles. We examine the issues dynamically: from Basel I to Basel III. 3. We use text analysis to identify and systematize the key topics within the selected research area and to evaluate the empirical evidence.

Целью работы является изучение научной литературы, ее систематизация и на этой основе выявление основных результатов развития международного банковского регулирования. Развитие банковского регулирования рассмотрено комплексно, оценено его влияние на финансовую устойчивость банков, их кредитную активность и эффективность. Исследование основано на анализе обширного круга научных работ за последние 30 лет. Мы проводим оценку в динамике развития Соглашений Базельского комитета по банковскому надзору (Базель I–III). Мы применяем текстовый анализ для выявления и систематизации ключевых направлений исследований, представленных в рассмотренных статьях, а также оценки их результатов. Эта техника позволила выявить наиболее изучаемые проблемы в области банковского регулирования, применение метода SNA и метода главных компонент при анализе текстов аннотаций дало возможность выявить тематические направления исследований. Дополнительно к текстам аннотаций на основе ключевых терминов был применен такой метод анализа данных, как Mutual information (MI). По результатам проведенного анализа выделены и обоснованы ключевые направления исследований и их результаты, в частности: реализация Соглашений БКБН (Базель I–III) способствовала повышению финансовой стабильности и снижению вероятности дефолта банков. Анализ показал в целом негативную оценку исследователями влияния регулирования достаточности капитала на кредитную активность банков и на банковскую процентную маржу и, соответственно, эффективность банковской деятельности. В отдельных исследованиях подтверждается, что повышение рыночной дисциплины и расширение надзорных полномочий органов регулирования (Базель II) приводят к повышению банковской эффективности.

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