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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Kinetics and Catalysis</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Kinetics and Catalysis</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Кинетика и катализ</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0453-8811</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5413</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">660337</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0453881124020054</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">DWUAEN</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Influence of iron content in palladium catalysts supported on alumina and their reduction conditions on the hydrodechlorination of diclofenac in aqueous solutions</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние содержания железа в палладиевых катализаторах на оксиде алюминия и условий их восстановления на гидродехлорирование диклофенака в водной среде</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lokteva</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Локтева</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chemistry Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Химический факультет</p></bio><email>LES@kge.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pesotskiy</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Песоцкий</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chemistry Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Химический факультет</p></bio><email>LES@kge.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Golubina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голубина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chemistry Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Химический факультет</p></bio><email>LES@kge.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslako</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маслаков</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chemistry Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Химический факультет</p></bio><email>LES@kge.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharlanov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харланов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chemistry Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Химический факультет</p></bio><email>LES@kge.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shishova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шишова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chemistry Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Химический факультет</p></bio><email>LES@kge.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaplin</surname><given-names>I. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каплин</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chemistry Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Химический факультет</p></bio><email>LES@kge.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chemistry Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Химический факультет</p></bio><email>LES@kge.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>148</fpage><lpage>172</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-22"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0453-8811/article/view/660337">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0453-8811/article/view/660337</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Using the method of wet impregnation of alumina with iron and palladium nitrates, 1Pd0.5Fe and 1Pd10Fe catalysts modified with iron oxides were prepared with a target content of 1 wt % Pd, 0.5 or 10 wt % iron. The catalysts were compared with each other and with the monometallic catalyst 1Pd in the hydrodechlorination (HDC) of diclofenac (DCF) in dilute aqueous solutions at 30°C in batch and flow reactors after high-temperature (320°C) and mild (30°C) reduction; the latter was carried out in a batch or flow reactor. Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), it was shown that after reduction at 320°C the surface of catalysts contains mainly Pd<sup>0</sup>, Fe<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>3+</sup>. The surface Fe<sup>2+</sup>/Fe<sup>3+</sup> ratio increases as the iron content decreases. The reduction of Pd<sup>2+</sup> to Pd<sup>0</sup> is possible already at 30°C, but it proceeds much worse on the surface of 1Pd0.5Fe compared to 1Pd10Fe. According to XPS data, temperature-programmed reduction and infrared spectroscopy of diffuse reflection of adsorbed CO, modification with iron oxides increases the palladium content on the surface compared to 1Pd, promotes the emergence of new Pd–O–Fe centers, and affects the ability of palladium to be reduced. These effects increase with increasing iron content. Iron-modified catalysts reduced at 320°C showed similar activity and stability in the conversion of DCP in flow-through and batch systems. Unlike 1Pd0.5Fe, the 1Pd10Fe catalyst is highly efficient and stable even after mild reduction at 30°C. Under flow conditions with comparable DCF conversion, it provides increased selectivity in the HDC reaction of diclofenac compared to 1Pd, which is also active in hydrogenation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Методом влажной пропитки Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> нитратами железа и палладия приготовлены модифицированные оксидами железа катализаторы 1Pd0.5Fe и 1Pd10Fe с целевым содержанием 1 мас. % Pd, 0.5 или 10 мас. % железа. Катализаторы сравнивали между собой и с монометаллическим катализатором 1Pd в гидродехлорировании (ГДХ) диклофенака (ДКФ) в разбавленных водных растворах при 30°С в периодическом и проточном реакторах после высокотемпературного (320°С) и мягкого (30°С) восстановления; последнее проводили в периодическом или проточном реакторе. Методом рентгеновской фотоэлектронной спектроскопии (РФЭС) показано, что после восстановления при 320°С катализаторы содержат в основном Pd<sup>0</sup>, Fe<sup>2+</sup> и Fe<sup>3+</sup>. Соотношение Fe<sup>2+</sup>/Fe<sup>3+</sup> на поверхности увеличивается при снижении содержания железа. Восстановление Pd<sup>2+</sup> до Pd<sup>0</sup> возможно уже при 30°С, но оно гораздо хуже протекает на поверхности 1Pd0.5Fe по сравнению с 1Pd10Fe. По данным РФЭС, температурно-программированного восстановления и инфракрасной спектроскопии диффузного отражения адсорбированного СО, модификация оксидами железа повышает содержание палладия на поверхности по сравнению с 1Pd, способствует возникновению новых центров Pd−O−Fe, влияет на способность палладия к восстановлению. Эти воздействия возрастают с увеличением содержания железа. Модифицированные железом катализаторы, восстановленные при 320°С, проявили сходную активность и стабильность в превращениях ДКФ в проточной и периодической системах. В отличие от 1Pd0.5Fe, катализатор 1Pd10Fe высокоэффективен и стабилен также после мягкого восстановления при 30°С. В проточных условиях при сравнимой конверсии ДКФ он обеспечивает повышенную селективность в реакции ГДХ диклофенака по сравнению с 1Pd, который активен также и в гидрировании.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hydrodechlorination</kwd><kwd>diclofenac</kwd><kwd>palladium</kwd><kwd>iron oxide</kwd><kwd>aluminum oxide</kwd><kwd>environmental catalysis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гидродехлорирование</kwd><kwd>диклофенак</kwd><kwd>палладий</kwd><kwd>оксид железа</kwd><kwd>оксид алюминия</kwd><kwd>экологический катализ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>122040600057-3</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>АААА-А21-121011990019-4</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Xu S., Zhou S., Xing L., Shi P., Shi W., Zhou Q., Pan Y., Song M.-Y., Li A. // Sci. 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