Vol 18, No 2 (2012)

It is known that there are problems in the drug provision (DP) system virtually in all countries irrespective of the level of economic development. Because of money stringency, many countries reduce expenses on DP despite more and more increasing healthcare needs. So the problems, associated with the limited access of the population to qualitative medicaments and their rational use, have not lost their urgency. In this connection, the formulary system in the health care facilities of the Republic of Kazakhstan was studied by analyzing its legislative enactments regulating DP and by interviewing the staff of these facilities (a questionnaire method). The study has demonstrated that in Kazakhstan the formulary system needs to be improved; difficulties preserve in the creation and practical use of a drug form in health care facilities.

Clinical, X-ray, and instrumental data were analyzed in 14 patients with type III 3 radial head fractures, by applying the Mason X-ray classification modified by Hotchkiss. The Mayo clinic elbow performance scores and the Broberg-Morrey scores were used to assess the results of treatment. It is concluded that endoprosthetic replacement of the radial head can yield optimal functional results.

Depression with the noticeable component of anxiety was the objective of the study. Sixty-five patients were treated with antidepressants: some of them took amitriptylline and the others received venlafaxine. The study was conducted for 6 months during which the symptoms were rated by Hamilton depression and anxiety scales. This could identify 3 types of depression, in which anxiety is an essential component of the state; these were anxious melancholic, anxious hypochondriac, and anxious adynamic types. In the latter type there were no differences in the rate and degree of symptomatology between the venlafaxine and amitriptylline subgroups. In the anxious hypochondriac type of depression, venlafaxine proved to be more effective.

The benzydamine hydrochloride Tantum Verde spray is effective in treating acute experimental periodontitis. The use of the agent reduces an inflammatory reaction in the oral mucosa and alleviates exudative inflammation, which contributes to the preservation of fibrous structures in periodontal connective tissue.

A procedure has been developed to prepare the nanosomal formulations of rifampicin and gatifloxacin based on a copolymer of lactic and glycolic acids. Murine experiments tested the antituberculosis activity of the drugs versus conventional drugs. It evaluated their bacteriostatic activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the blood and lung homogenates taken at definite time points after the experimental nanosomal samples of rifampicin or gatifloxacin and their standard dosage forms were administered to mice. The antituberculosis activity of nanosomal rifampicin in the lung was ascertained to be twice higher than that of reference rifampicin within 2 hours after intravenous injection. As compared to the enteral administration of gatifloxacin substance in particular, the intravenous injection of nanosomal gatifloxacin was shown to provide a higher bacteriostatic activity against M. tuberculosis in the blood and lung tissue.