Vol 17, No 1 (2011)

The paper describes an original procedure for a comprehensive study of the cardiovascular system in patients with terminal chronic renal failure on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. It gives the data of examination using this procedure in 50 patients (30 women and 20 men) on peritoneal dialysis at the Moscow City Nephrology Center. The main result of using this procedure is that a group of patients at the highest cardiovascular risk, who have a poor late prognosis and need a continuous follow-up by a cardiologist, can be identified.

The paper presents the data of examining 50 patients with paranoid schizophrenia (according to the ICD-10 criteria) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Group 1 comprised patients receiving haloperidol; Group 2 included patients taking atypical neuroleptics. To study latent carbohydrate metabolic disturbances occurring in the use of atypical neuroleptics, the investigators examined 50 patients with their first lifetime psychotic state that met the ICD-10 criteria for paranoid schizophrenia, who had no metabolic disturbances and had received no antipsychotic therapy before inclusion into the study. These patients were randomized into 2 groups, by administering atypical antipsychotics or haloperidol. Their examination involved clinical, catamnestic, biochemical, and anthropometric studies. The paper considers various aspects of the metabolic disturbances occurring in paranoid schizophrenics during current antipsychotic therapy. Trends in the development of T2DM during therapy with classical and atypical neuroleptics are comparatively analyzed. The authors show it possible to use an oral glucose tolerance test to identify latent carbohydrate metabolic disturbances in patients with paranoid schizophrenia during current antipsychotic therapy.

The authors analyze the results of treatment in 249 patients with obliterating diseases of lower limb arteries, who underwent hip or upper-third leg amputation due to progressive humid gangrene in 2006 to 2009. In the study group (n = 112), low-power air-plasma flow (APF) was used in various modes at surgery. The Plazon apparatus is a source of plasma power. APF in the cut-coagulation mode was employed in all the patients during major surgical techniques (division of muscle masses and fascia, coagulation of minor vessels, treatment of nerve trunks). Before stump formation, an operation wound was additionally treated with cooled APF in NO-therapy mode. Comparison with a control group (n = 137) that had undergone traditional amputations revealed a significant reduction in the volume of intraoperative blood loss, the incidence of wound complications by 1.8 times, accelerated relief of fever and postoperative pain syndrome, and some clinical improvement, including the length of hospital stay.

Forty 22-to-79-year-old patients with rosacea were examined, of them 9 (22.5%), 29 (72.5%), and 2 (5%) had erythematous-teleangiectic, papulopustular, and phymatous forms, respectively. All the patients with rosacea were divided into 2 groups. A study group of 30 patients underwent photodynamic therapy (PDT) with activation of endo- and/or exogenic photosensitizers (PS). A 5-aminolevulinic acid alasens derivative was used as an exogenous PS. A control group of 10 patients received conventional therapy. Sixteen (53.3%) patients with elevated endogenous PS levels had 1 to 8 sessions of PDT. And 14 (46.7%) patients with low endogenous PS levels used alasens and received 4 to 10 sessions of PDT. The studies demonstrated that PDT with activation of both endogenous and exogenous PSs was highly effective and permitted achievement of clinical remission and considerable improvement in 86.7% of the patients.

The paper deals with recovery of function, including surgical and orthopedic correction, in patients with complete absence of teeth. The proportion of patients with complete or partial absence of teeth is rather high. In this connection, the role of rehabilitation increases in this patient group.