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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ethno review</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ethno review</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Этнографическое обозрение</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-5415</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-6274</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">672158</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0869541523060052</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">MNYMKP</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Evocation of the self: self-defining mental photographs</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эвокация Я: самоопределяющие ментальные фотографии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nourkova</surname><given-names>V. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нуркова</surname><given-names>В. В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>nourkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sulim</surname><given-names>O. S</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сулим</surname><given-names>О. С</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>chinchaila@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO6 (2023)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№6 (2023)</issue-title><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-27"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-5415/article/view/672158">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-5415/article/view/672158</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The acquisition of mental tools is a uniquely human mode of resisting situational pressure and achieving psychological self-determination. The fact that material photographs effectively trigger autobiographical memories has led to the hypothesis that they have functional counterparts in the form of memories of the most personally significant photographs. One hundred and eighty-five participants volunteered to recall, describe, and rate on several scales the memories of photographs that best express their personality. The “self-defining mental photographs” obtained from the participants were found to be subjectively attractive, highly functional, and expressive of various personality traits. The exploratory factor analysis suggested a three-factor solution interpreted as qualitatively specific types of mental photographs. Mental photographs scoring high on Factor 1 (Focus on the event) may serve as retrieval tool for extracting personal sense from a concrete episode of the past. High scores on Factor 2 (Detailed image of the narrator) probably refer to the internal dialogue between past and present self. High scores on Factor 3 (Holistic Self) were attributed to the integrated experience of personality-destiny unity coinciding with the awareness of one's history of existence.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Уникально человеческий путь перехода к самоуправлению психическими процессами заключается в освоении “мысленных” орудий. Факт бытования материальных фотографий в качестве эффективного триггера автобиографической памяти позволил предположить существование их функционального идеального аналога - воспоминаний о наиболее значимых снимках. К 185 добровольцам обратились с просьбой вспомнить, описать и оценить по ряду шкал фотографии, которые максимально выражают их личность. Полученные самоотчеты о “самоопределяющих ментальных фотографиях” показывают высокую субъективную привлекательность последних, их функциональную насыщенность и адресацию к широкой номенклатуре личностных свойств вспоминающих. Факторный анализ субъективных оценок этих ментальных образов выявил три фактора, проинтерпретированных как подтверждение качественных различий в типах идеальных мнемических средств. Образы с высокими показателями по фактору “Фокус на событии” служат эвокативными средствами извлечения ценностного личного опыта из эпизода прошлого. Воспоминания с высоким весом фактора “Детальность образа Я” опосредствуют диалог с самим собой в различных временных ипостасях. При высоком значении фактора “Целостное Я” инициируется переживание единства своей личности и судьбы, манифестация осознания смысловой истории своего бытия.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>autobiographical memory</kwd><kwd>evocative objects</kwd><kwd>arbitrariness</kwd><kwd>self-regulation</kwd><kwd>psychological tools</kwd><kwd>self-defining mental photographs</kwd><kwd>self-defining memories</kwd><kwd>personality</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>автобиографическая память</kwd><kwd>эвокативные объекты</kwd><kwd>произвольность</kwd><kwd>саморегуляция</kwd><kwd>психологические орудия</kwd><kwd>самоопределяющие ментальные фотографии</kwd><kwd>самоопределяющие воспоминания</kwd><kwd>личность</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Анохин К.В. Когнитом: в поисках фундаментальной нейронаучной теории сознания // Журнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И.П. Павлова. 2021. Т. 71. №. 1. 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