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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ethno review</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ethno review</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Этнографическое обозрение</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-5415</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-6274</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">672261</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0869541523020033</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">QOVNJM</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Defiling the portraits of state leaders in the soviet culture of the later half of the 1950s - early 1960s</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Осквернение портретов государственных лидеров в советской культуре второй половины 1950-х - начала 1960-х годов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Senina</surname><given-names>I. N</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сенина</surname><given-names>Ю. Н</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>jsenina@eu.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">European University at St. Petersburg</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Европейский университет в Санкт-Петербурге</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO2 (2023)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№2 (2023)</issue-title><fpage>52</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-27"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-5415/article/view/672261">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-5415/article/view/672261</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article deals with the topic of violation of the boundaries of the secular sacral in the late 1950s and early 1960s - namely, the cases of damage to symbols sacred to the Soviet ideology, such as portraits of the state leaders. I discuss why these symbols acquired a special semiotic status and their damage was punished not as hooliganism but as a kind of ritual defilement, the punishment for which was provided for by the Criminal Code of the Russian Federal Socialist Republic. Among the main sources of information about individual cases of such “sacrilege” were the archives of the supervisory proceedings of the USSR Prosecutor's Office. It is on the basis of the surviving case files that one can analyze acts of “grassroots” anti-government actions and learn about those who committed them, since most of these people did not leave behind memoirs or other records that would talk about their personal history.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье рассматривается тема нарушения границ светского сакрального в конце 1950-х - начале 1960-х годов, а именно случаи порчи священных для советской идеологии символов - портретов государственных лидеров. В частности, обсуждается, почему эти символы приобрели особый семиотический статус, а их порча каралась не как хулиганство, а как своего рода ритуальное осквернение, наказание за которое предусматривалось УК РФСР. Одним из основных источников получения информации о единичных случаях такого “святотатства” стали фонды надзорного производства прокуратуры СССР. Именно на основании сохранившихся материалов дел можно проанализировать акты “низовых” антиправительственных действий и узнать о тех, кто их совершил, поскольку большинство этих людей не оставили после себя мемуаров или других записей, повествующих об их личной истории.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>iconoclasm</kwd><kwd>desecration</kwd><kwd>portraits of Soviet leaders</kwd><kwd>anti-Soviet agitation</kwd><kwd>propaganda</kwd><kwd>secular sacral</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>иконоборчество</kwd><kwd>осквернение</kwd><kwd>портреты советских лидеров</kwd><kwd>дела об антисоветской агитации и пропаганде</kwd><kwd>светское сакральное</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Антонов Д.И. (отв. ред.) Сила взгляда: глаза в мифологии и иконографии. М.: РГГУ, 2014.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Архипова А.С., Кирзюк А.А. 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