Ethno reviewEthno reviewЭтнографическое обозрение0869-54153034-6274The Russian Academy of Sciences67236610.31857/S0869541524060035VTYQAUSpecial Theme of the Issue: Economic Anthropology of Household Outside Metropolitan Areas in Contemporary RussiaСпециальная тема номера: Экономическая антропология домохозяйства современной России за пределами мегаполисовResearch ArticleDividual in Zaimka, and Zaimka as Dividual: Ethnography of a Siberian Hut through the Prism of Female AbsenceДивид на заимке, заимка как дивид: этнография сибирской избушки сквозь призму женского отсутствияhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7475-3609RakhmanovaLidia Ya.РахмановаЛидия Яковлевна
Russian Federation

к. социол. н., старший преподаватель

muza-spb@yandex.ruHigher School of Economics – Saint Petersburg BranchНациональный исследовательский университет “Высшая школа экономики” в Санкт-Петербурге151220246416527022025Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук2024Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-5415/article/view/672366

The article explores ethnographically how taiga and river huts in the Middle Ob River, which exist in their rhythms in parallel with rural and urban forms of life, transform gender roles and qualities that do not fit into the notions of proper behavior and practices of men and women – neither as understood by local residents nor from the researcher's point of view. On the one hand, zaimka, which includes various buildings, is a landscape phenomenon, remarkable for its non-trivial position in the space between the wild taiga, the village, and the city. On the other hand, where a masculine world order seems to reign, zaimka problematizes gender divisions and shows that it is the female “constitutive” absence that is critical and influential. Drawing on the experience of shared hut visits, conversations, rumors, and joking, I show how gender duality is dismantled not through the notion of the “individual” at the hut, but through the distribution of masculine and feminine elements in the space of hut life with the help of the notion of “dividual” as a “distributed personhood” in the spatial dimension and “distributed self” as a language for describing different forms of subjectivities.

Статья этнографически ставит вопрос о том, каким образом таежные и речные избушки и заимки Среднего Приобья, существующие в своих ритмах параллельно с сельскими и городскими формами жизни, трансформируют гендерные роли и качества, не укладываясь в представления о должном поведении и практиках мужчин и женщин – ни в понимании местных жителей, ни с точки зрения исследовательницы. С одной стороны, заимка, включающая различные строения, – это ландшафтный феномен, интересный своим нетривиальным положением в пространстве – между дикой тайгой, селом и городом. С другой стороны, заимка, на которой царит мужское мироустройство, проблематизирует гендерное разделение и показывает, что именно женское “конституирующее” отсутствие является критически важным и влиятельным. Через опыт совместных поездок “на избушки”, через беседы, слухи и подшучивания я показываю, как снимается гендерная дуальность на заимке посредством распределения маскулинных и феминных элементов в пространстве избушечной жизни при помощи понятия “дивида” как “распределенной личности” и “распределенной самости”, как одного из языков описания различных форм субъективностей.

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