Ethno reviewEthno reviewЭтнографическое обозрение0869-54153034-6274The Russian Academy of Sciences68666210.31857/S0869541525020125TJXXPWResearch ArticlesСтатьи и материалыResearch ArticleWhat Would Malinowski Do? Classic Fieldwork in Online FieldsitesЧто бы сделал Малиновский? Классическая полевая работа в онлайн-поляхhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7478-1204PrusIrinaПрусИрина Владимировна
Russian Federation

аспирант факультета антропологии

prus.irene@gmail.comEuropean University at St. PetersburgЕвропейский университет в Санкт-Петербурге1503202522262480407202504072025Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук2025Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-5415/article/view/686662

The article examines methodological projects for research within online settings, the authors of which used images of classical, or conservative, fieldwork to design methods of digital anthropology. Digital anthropologists address various conceptual and pragmatic aspects of the fieldsite, fieldwork, and ethnography, rethinking the production of anthropological knowledge for internet research. Denying the possibility of applying classical fieldwork techniques in online settings, anthropologists engaged in virtual ethnography and user experience research have prepared an intellectual context for the anthropology of virtual worlds and social media and its methodological projects for digital fieldwork. Description of the classical fieldsite, including the version by B. Malinowski, influenced anthropologists to conceptualize the digital field, remove the ontological distinction between a real and virtual place, and problematize the anthropologist's position as an avatar and user. In conclusion, this methodological strategy is situated within a discussion of the political and epistemological dimensions of the field and ethnography. The author shows that methodological projects based on the images of classical fieldwork have allowed digital anthropologists not only to substantiate the corporate identity of their research area but also to demystify field practice, re-establishing its pragmatic and conceptual foundations and critical potential.

В статье рассматриваются методологические программы исследований онлайн-пространств, авторы которых привлекали образы классической, или консервативной, полевой работы для проектирования методов цифровой антропологии. Автор статьи анализирует, как цифровые антропологи обращаются к различным концептуальным и прагматическим аспектам поля, полевой работы и этнографии, переосмысляя техники производства антропологического знания для изучения интернета. Отрицая возможность проведения классической полевой работы в онлайн-среде, антропологи, занимающиеся виртуальной этнографией и исследованиями пользовательского опыта, подготовили интеллектуальный контекст для создания методологических проектов цифровых полевых исследований. В антропологии виртуальных миров и социальных медиа описание классического поля, в том числе в варианте Б. Малиновского, позволило концептуализировать онлайн-поля, снять онтологическое различие между реальным и виртуальным местом и проблематизировать позицию антрополога как аватара и пользователя. В заключении статьи эта стратегия методологического проектирования рассматривается в контексте дискуссии о политических и эпистемологических измерениях поля и этнографии. Автор показывает, что методологические проекты, опирающиеся на образы классической полевой работы, позволили цифровым антропологам не только обосновать корпоративную идентичность своего исследовательского направления, но и демистифицировать полевую практику, заново утвердив её прагматические и концептуальные основания и критический потенциал.

digital anthropologydigital ethnographyvirtual ethnographyvirtual worldssocial mediafieldwork methodsdigital fieldworkцифровая антропологияцифровая этнографиявиртуальная этнографиявиртуальные мирысоциальные медиаполевые методыцифровое поле

Facebook† и Instagram† - Принадлежат компании Meta, признанной экстремистской организацией и запрещенной в РФ.

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