Доклады Академии наукДоклады Академии наук0869-5652The Russian Academy of Sciences1782610.31857/S0869-56524885534-538Research ArticleTrace elements of naftides of oil- and gas-bearing basinPunanovaS. A.punanova@mail.ruOil and Gas Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences2010201948855345381911201919112019Copyright © 2019, Russian academy of sciences2019<p>The parameters of the concentration distribution of trace elements in the oil fields of oil and gas basins of the world, their physic-chemical properties, as well as the geological and geochemical features of oil formation in these basins were studied. It is shown that the ontogenesis of hydrocarbons associated with deep tectonic transformations (geodynamic factor) controls not only the placement of naphtides in the sedimentary cover, but also the diversity of their metallogenic specialization. The classification of oils of various ontogenesis zones is given in accordance to the degree of their enrichment of mineral elements and their belonging to the vanadium or nickel metallogenic type. The oil, characterized by primary rich concentrations of trace elements of the main zone of oil formation, and oil with initially low concentrations of trace elements in the zones of early generation are presented. The processes of transformation of the composition of oils in the areas of hypergenesis lead to their enrichment, whereas the oil of the catagenesis zone is depleted in trace elements.</p>ontogenesistrace elementsorganic matteroiloil and gas basinsонтогенезмикроэлементыорганическое веществонефтьнефтегазоносные бассейны[Кравченко К.Н. Бассейновая основа общей теории нафтидогенеза. М.: НИА Природа, 2004. 66 с.][Пунанова С.А. Микроэлементы нефтей, их использование при геохимических исследованиях и изучении процессов миграции. М.: Недра, 1974. 216 с.][Пунанова С.А. // Геохимия. 1998. № 9. С. 959-972.][Пунанова С.А., Виноградова Т.Л. // Геохимия. 2016. № 9. С. 852-859.][ Li D., Li R., Xue T. et al. // Minerals. 2018, V. 8. P. 2-17.][Escobara M., Márquezc G., Azuajed V., et al. // Fuel. 2012. №. 7. P. 186-196.][ Galarraga F., Reategui K., Martïnez A., et al. // Journ. of Petroleum Science and Engin. 2008. 61. № 4. Р. 9-14.][Лосицкая И.Ф., Пунанова С.А., Тихомиров В.И. и др. // Нефтегазовая геология и геофизика. 1982. № 2. С. 14-16.][Пунанова С.А. // Геохимия. 2014. Т. 52. № 1. С. 64-75.][ Duyck C., Miekeley N., Fonseca T.C.O., et al. // Journ. of the Brazil. Chem. Society. 2008. V. 19 № 5. Р. 978-986.][Пунанова С.А., Виноградова Т.Л. // ДАН. 2014. Т. 456. № 6. С. 691-698.][Готтих Р.П., Писоцкий Б.И., Журавлев Д.З. // ДАН. 2008. Т. 422. № 1. С. 88-92.][Гольдберг И.С. // Геология нефти и газа. 1990. № 3. С. 2-7.]