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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Доклады Академии наук</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Доклады Академии наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Доклады Академии наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-5652</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">18910</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0869-56524896646-650</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>General biology</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Общая биология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Climate and land use as key factors of the stability of organic matter in soils</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Климат и землепользование как ключевые факторы стабильности органического вещества в почвах</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurganova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курганова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ikurg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ikurg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudeyarov</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудеяров</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>член-корреспондент РАН</p></bio><email>ikurg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФИЦ "Пущинский научный центр биологических исследований РАН"</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-12-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>489</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>646</fpage><lpage>650</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-12-22"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2019-12-22"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Russian academy of sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian academy of sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-5652/article/view/18910">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-5652/article/view/18910</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Stocks of organic carbon in the soils and its resistance to biodegradation depend on a combination of external and internal determinants which control not only the decomposition, but also the stabilization of organic matter (OM). Soil OM stability was evaluated: 1) by specific mineralization rate (SpMinR) for the forest ecosystems located in various climatic zones of Eurasia (temperate, Mediterranean, and tropical) and 2) by the biological stability index (IBS), determined for the main soil types of the European part of Russia under natural vegetation and agricultural crops. It is shown that the key factors determining the stability of OM of substances in soils are the climate and type of vegetation (land use). Thus, a close negative correlations between the SpMinR values and the annual precipitation and the average annual air temperature were found in the soils of the Eurasian transect. It was revealed that the share of stable and biologically conservative OM and IBS values in the soils under agricultural crops were significantly higher than in the soils of natural cenoses.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Запасы органического углерода в почве и его устойчивость к биодеградации зависят от сочетания внешних и внутренних детерминантов, контролирующих не только разложение, но и стабилизацию органического вещества (ОВ). Стабильность ОВ почв оценивали: 1) по удельной скорости минерализации (SpMinR) на примере лесных экосистем, расположенных в различных климатических зонах Евразии (умеренной, средиземноморской и тропической), и 2) по индексу биологической стабильности (IBS), определённому для основных типов почв Европейской части России под естественной растительностью и сельскохозяйственными посевами. Показано, что ключевыми факторами, детерминирующими стабильность ОВ вещества в почвах, являются климат и тип растительности (землепользование). Так, в почвах Евразийской трансекты обнаружена тесная отрицательная связь значений SpMinR с годовым количеством осадков и со среднегодовой температурой воздуха. Выявлено, что в почвах под сельскохозяйственными культурами доля стабильного и биологически консервативного ОВ и значения IBS были существенно выше, чем в почвах естественных ценозов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>organic carbon</kwd><kwd>mineralization rate</kwd><kwd>biological stability index</kwd><kwd>native and agricultural ecosystems</kwd><kwd>bio-climatic regions</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>органический углерод</kwd><kwd>скорость минерализации</kwd><kwd>индекс биологической стабильности</kwd><kwd>естественная и сельскохозяйственная экосистема</kwd><kwd>биоклиматические области</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was carried out in the framework of the theme of the state assignment “Study of soil precursors, sources and sinks of greenhouse gases due to climate change” (reg. No. 0191-2019-0045) with the support of the Russian Federal Property Fund (projects No. 17-04-00707a and No. 18-04- 00773a).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках темы государственного задания “Исследование почвенных предшественников, источников и стоков парниковых газов в связи с климатическими изменениями” (рег. № 0191-2019-0045) при поддержке РФФИ (проекты № 17-04-00707а и № 18-04-00773а).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Заварзин Г.А., Кудеяров В.Н. // Вестник РАН. 2006. Т. 76. № 1. С. 14-29.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Замолодчиков Д.Г. Естественная и антропогенная концепции современного потепления климата // Вестник РАН. 2013. Т. 83. № 3. С. 227-235.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Орлов Д.С., Бирюкова О.Н., Суханова Н.И. Органическое вещество почв России. 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