<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российской академии наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-5873</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5200</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">659549</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0869587323090074</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">SQXVLD</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>ТЕМАТИЧЕСКИЙ ВЫПУСК ПО БИОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">PRIONS AND AMYLOIDS AS SPATIAL TEMPLATES OF THE PROTEOME</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ПРИОНЫ И АМИЛОИДЫ КАК ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННЫЕ МАТРИЦЫ ПРОТЕОМА</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Inge-Vechtomov</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Инге-Вечтомов</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>ingevechtomov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Galkin</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галкин</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>a.galkin@spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhouravleva</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Журавлёва</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>g.zhuravleva@spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nizhnikov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нижников</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>a.nizhnikov@spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zadorsky</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Задорский</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>s.zadorsky@spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, St. Petersburg Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский филиал Института обшей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Microbiology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сельскохозяйственной микробиологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-09-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>93</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>845</fpage><lpage>854</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-20"><day>20</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, С.Г. Инге-Вечтомов, А.П. Галкин, Г.А. Журавлёва, А.А. Нижников, С.П. Задорский</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, С.Г. Инге-Вечтомов, А.П. Галкин, Г.А. Журавлёва, А.А. Нижников, С.П. Задорский</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">С.Г. Инге-Вечтомов, А.П. Галкин, Г.А. Журавлёва, А.А. Нижников, С.П. Задорский</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">С.Г. Инге-Вечтомов, А.П. Галкин, Г.А. Журавлёва, А.А. Нижников, С.П. Задорский</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-5873/article/view/659549">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-5873/article/view/659549</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p id="idm45257551565856">Until recently, studies of amyloids were aimed exclusively at revealing their role in the occurrence of dangerous diseases in humans and animals. However, they are widely distributed in nature and are involved in the regulation of essential vital processes in representatives of all three domains of the living world: archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes. The question of the biological significance of the prions – a special class of amyloids, is still under discussion. The discovery of new functional amyloids became possible due to the development of the bioinformatic and proteomic methods for identification of amyloid-forming proteins. The review describes the way from the study of pathological amyloid structures to the investigation of adaptive amyloids in bacteria, plants, and animals. The importance of the amyloid structure, based on the principle of conformation template copying, as one of the most important forms of supramolecular organization of proteins is shown.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p id="idm45257551564144">Исследования амилоидов до недавнего времени были направлены исключительно на выявление их роли в возникновении опасных заболеваний человека и животных. Однако они широко распространены в природе и участвуют в регуляции жизненно важных процессов у представителей всех трёх доменов живого мира: архей, бактерий и эукариот. Дискуссионным остаётся вопрос о биологической значимости особого класса амилоидов – прионов. Открытие новых функциональных амилоидов обусловлено развитием биоинформатических и протеомных методов идентификации белков, формирующих амилоиды. В обзоре представлен путь от изучения патологических амилоидных образований к исследованию адаптивных амилоидов у бактерий, растений и животных. Показана важность амилоидной структуры, основанной на принципе матричного копирования конформации, как одной из важнейших форм надмолекулярной организации белков.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>amyloids</kwd><kwd>prions</kwd><kwd>conformational templates</kwd><kwd>type I and II template processes</kwd><kwd>translation.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>амилоиды</kwd><kwd>прионы</kwd><kwd>конформационные матрицы</kwd><kwd>матричные процессы I и II рода</kwd><kwd>трансляция.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Нижников А.А., Антонец К.С., Инге-Вечтомов С.Г. Амилоиды: от патогенеза к функции // Биохимия. 2015. № 9. С. 1356–1375.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Инге-Вечтомов С.Г. От хромосомной теории к матричному принципу // Генетика. 2015. № 4. С. 397–408.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Kushnirov V.V., Dergalev A.A., Alieva M.K., Alexandrov A.I. Structural bases of prion variation in yeast // Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022. № 23 (10). 5738.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Crick F. Central dogma of molecular biology // Nature. 1970. V. 227. P. 561–563.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Андрейчук Ю.В., Задорский С.П., Жук А.С. и др. Связь матричных процессов I и II рода: амилоиды и стабильность генома // Молекулярная биология. 2020. № 5. С. 750–775.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Prusiner S.B., Scott M.R. Genetics of prions // Annu. Rev. Genet. 1997. V. 31. P. 139–75.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Chiti F., Dobson C.M. Protein misfolding, amyloid formation, and human disease: a summary of progress over the last decade // Annu. Rev. Biochem. 2017. V. 86. P. 27–68.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Галкин А.П., Велижанина М.Е., Сопова Ю.В. и др. Прионы и неинфекционные амилоиды млекопитающих – сходства и отличия // Биохимия. 2018. № 10. С. 1476–1489.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Otzen D., Riek R. Functional Amyloids // Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol. 2019. № 11 (12). a033860.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Sergeeva A.V., Galkin A.P. Functional amyloids of eukaryotes: criteria, classification, and biological significance // Curr. Genet. 2020. № 5. P. 849–866.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Horwich A.L., Weissman J.S. Deadly conformations – protein misfolding in prion disease // Cell. 1997. № 4. P. 499–510.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Maury C.P.J. Origin of life. Primordial genetics: Information transfer in a pre-RNA world based on self-replicating beta-sheet amyloid conformers // J. Theoret. Biol. 2015. V. 382. P. 292–297.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Galkin A.P., Sysoev E.I. Stress response is the main trigger of sporadic amyloidoses // Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021. № 22 (8). 4092.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Ter-Avanesyan M.D., Kushnirov V.V. Structure and replication of yeast prions // Cell. 1998. № 1. P. 13–16.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Heikenwalder M., Julius C., Aguzzi A. Prions and peripheral nerves: a deadly rendezvous // J. Neurosci. Res. 2007. V. 85. P. 2714–2725.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Wickner R.B., Edskes H.K., Son M. et al. Yeast prions compared to functional prions and amyloids // J. Mol. Biol. 2018. № 20. P. 3707–3719.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Liebman S.W., Chernoff Y.O. Prions in yeast // Gene-tics. 2012. № 4. P. 1041–1072.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Cox B., Tuite M. The life of [PSI] // Curr. Genet. 2018. № 1. P. 1–8.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Inge-Vechtomov S., Zhouravleva G., Philippe M. Euka-ryotic release factors (eRFs) history // Biol. Cell. 2003. V. 95. P. 195–209.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Kisselev L.L., Frolova L.Y. Termination of translation in eukaryotes: new results and new hypotheses // Biochemistry. 1999. № 1. P. 8–16.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Trubitsina N., Zemlyanko O., Moskalenko S., Zhouravleva G. From past to future: suppressor mutations in yeast genes encoding translation termination factors // Bio. Comm. 2019. № 2. P. 89–109.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Inge-Vechtomov S., Zhouravleva G., Chernoff Y. Biolo-gical roles of prion domains // Prion. 2007. V. 4. P. 228–235.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Журавлёва Г.А., Бондарев С.А., Землянко О.М., Москаленко С.Е. Роль белков, взаимодействующих с факторами терминации трансляции eRF1 и eRF3, в регуляции трансляции и прионизации // Молекулярная биология. 2022. № 2. С. 206–226.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Derkatch I.L., Liebman S.W. Prion-prion interactions // Prion. 2007. № 3. P. 161–169.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Галкин А.П., Миронова Л.Н., Журавлёва Г.А., Инге-Вечтомов С.Г. Прионы дрожжей, амилоидозы млекопитающих и проблема протеомных сетей // Генетика. 2006. № 11. С. 1–13.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Nizhnikov A.A., Ryzhova T.A., Volkov K.V. et al. Interaction of Prions Causes Heritable Traits in Saccharomyces cerevisiae // PLOS Genetics. 2016. № 12 (12). e1006504.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Galkin A.P. Prions and the concept of polyprionic inheritance // Curr. Genet. 2017. № 5. P. 799–802.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Barbitoff Y.A., Matveenko A.G., Zhouravleva G.A. Differential interactions of molecular chaperones and yeast prions // J. Fungi. 2022. № 8 (2). 122.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Matveenko A.G., Barbitoff Yu.A., Jay-Garcia L.M. et al. Differential effects of chaperones on yeast prions: CURrent view // Current Genetics. 2017. № 2. P. 317–325.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Eaglestone S.S., Cox B.S., Tuite M.F. Translation termination efficiency can be regulated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by environmental stress through a prion-mediated mechanism // EMBO J. 1999. № 7. P. 1974–1981.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Shorter J., Lindquist S. Prions as adaptive conduits of memory and inheritance // Nat. Rev. Genet. 2005. V. 6. P. 435–450.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>Daskalov A., Saupe S.J. As a toxin dies a prion comes to life: A tentative natural history of the [Het-s] prion // Prion. 2015. № 3. P. 184–189.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>Michelitsch M.D., Weissman J.S. A census of glutamine/asparagine-rich regions: implications for their conserved function and the prediction of novel prions // Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 2000. V. 97. P. 11910–11915.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Navarro S., Ventura S. Computational methods to predict protein aggregation // Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 2022. № 73. 102343.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><mixed-citation>Belashova T.A., Valina A.A., Sysoev E.I. et al. Search and identification of amyloid proteins // Methods Protoc. 2023. № 6 (1). 16.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><mixed-citation>Sopova J.V., Koshel E.I., Belashova T.A. et al. RNA-binding protein FXR1 is presented in rat brain in amyloid form // Sci. Rep. 2019. № 9 (1). 18983.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><mixed-citation>Chapman M.R. Role of Escherichia coli curli operons in directing amyloid fiber formation // Science. 2002. V. 295. P. 851–855.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><mixed-citation>Kosolapova A.O., Antonets K.S., Belousov M.V., Nizhnikov A.A. Biological functions of prokaryotic amyloids in interspecies interactions: Facts and assumptions // Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020. № 21 (19). 7240.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B39"><label>39.</label><mixed-citation>Jamal M., Ahmad W., Andleeb S. et al. Bacterial biofilm and associated infections // Journal of the Chinese Medical Association. 2018. № 1. P. 7–11.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B40"><label>40.</label><mixed-citation>Kosolapova A.O., Belousov M.V., Sulatskaya A.I. et al. Two novel amyloid proteins, RopA and RopB, from the root nodule bacterium Rhizobium leguminosarum // Biomolecules. 2019. № 9 (11). 694.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B41"><label>41.</label><mixed-citation>Kosolapova A.O., Belousov M.V., Sulatsky M.I. et al. RopB protein of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae adopts amyloid state during symbiotic interactions with pea (Pisum sativum L.) // Front. Plant. Sci. 2022. № 13. 1014699.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B42"><label>42.</label><mixed-citation>Antonets K.S., Nizhnikov A.A. Predicting amyloidogenic proteins in the proteomes of plants // Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017. № 18 (10). 2155.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B43"><label>43.</label><mixed-citation>Antonets K.S., Belousov M.V., Sulatskaya A.I. et al. Accumulation of storage proteins in plant seeds is mediated by amyloid formation // PLOS Biol. 2020. № 18. e3000564.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B44"><label>44.</label><mixed-citation>Maji S.K., Perrin M.H., Sawaya M.R. et al. Functional amyloids as natural storage of peptide hormones in pituitary secretory granules // Science. 2009. V. 325. P. 328–332.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B45"><label>45.</label><mixed-citation>Fowler D.M., Koulov A.V., Alory-Jost C. et al. Functional amyloid formation within mammalian tissue // PLoS Biol. 2006. № 4. e6.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B46"><label>46.</label><mixed-citation>Velizhanina M.E., Galkin A.P. Amyloid properties of the FXR1 protein are conserved in evolution of vertebrates // Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022. № 23 (14). 7997.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
