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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Vestnik of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Vestnik of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-7698</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">676056</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0869769824020098</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">ldbvzv</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Biological Sciences</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Биологические науки</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Salmon as the basis for the functioning of the ecosystem of the Academy Bay (Okhotsk Sea). Possible threats to its degradation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Лосось как основа функционирования экосистемы залива Академии (Охотское море). Возможные угрозы ее деградации</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3500-2861</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tishchenko</surname><given-names>Pavel Ya.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тищенко</surname><given-names>Павел Яковлевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences in Chemistry, Chief Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор химических наук, главный научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>tpavel@poi.dvo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4639-918X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semkin</surname><given-names>Pavel Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семкин</surname><given-names>Павел Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences in Geography, Senior Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат географических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>pahnol@poi.dvo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2182-5477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tishchenko</surname><given-names>Pyotr P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тищенко</surname><given-names>Петр Павлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences in Geography, Senior Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат географических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>eq15@poi.dvo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-5578</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lobanov</surname><given-names>Vyacheslav B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лобанов</surname><given-names>Вячеслав Борисович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences in Geography, Head of the Laboratory</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат географических наук, заведующий лабораторией</p></bio><email>lobanov@poi.dvo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-0791</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeev</surname><given-names>Alexander F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеев</surname><given-names>Александр Федорович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>sergeev@poi.dvo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5168-5976</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Roginskaya</surname><given-names>Mariya O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогинская</surname><given-names>Мария Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p></bio><email>mari.dymka@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5081-7620</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Anokhina</surname><given-names>Ruslana S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анохина</surname><given-names>Руслана Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p></bio><email>rusya.anoxina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0922-5500</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Barabanshchikov</surname><given-names>Yuri A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барабанщиков</surname><given-names>Юрий Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>barabanshchikov.ya@poi.dvo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1740-6029</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryumina</surname><given-names>Anna A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рюмина</surname><given-names>Анна Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Graduate Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирантка</p></bio><email>ryumina.aa@poi.dvo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1831-5209</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sagalaev</surname><given-names>Sergey S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сагалаев</surname><given-names>Сергей Григорьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>sagalaev@poi.dvo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7561-7599</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shvetsova</surname><given-names>Maria G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Швецова</surname><given-names>Мария Геннадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>shvetsova.mg@poi.dvo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2380-1049</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkirnikova</surname><given-names>Elena M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шкирникова</surname><given-names>Елена Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>elmi@poi.dvo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4655-1329</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulanova</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уланова</surname><given-names>Ольга Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences in Biology, Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>shitkova@poi.dvo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pacific Oceanological Institute, FEB RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Тихоокеанский океанологический институт ДВО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pacific Oceanological Institute, FEB RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Тихоокеанский океанологический институт, ДВО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>90</fpage><lpage>106</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-28"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-7698/article/view/676056">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-7698/article/view/676056</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In September 2022, high concentrations of total phosphorus and total nitrogen over background 2.5 and 15 μmol/l, respectively, were found by the expedition of POI FEB RAS on r/v “<italic>Professor Gagarinskiy”</italic> in the apex of the Ulban Bay (southern part of the Academy Bay). These hydrochemical data combined with physiological features of salmon reproduction (nine-month maturation of larvae, rolling of fry, transformation of fry into gregarious pelagic fish, their rapid growth), taking into account of the oligotrophic status of the Academy Bay and the results of observations over bowhead whales, led us to the idea that young salmonid fish are the main food of bowhead whales. The sustainability of the Academy Bay ecosystem strongly depends on the sustainability of pink and chum salmon populations that come to spawn in the rivers of the Academy Bay. Human activity caused by gold and coal mining, salmon fishing and implementation of the idea of creating a tidal power station in the Tugur Bay can lead to degradation of the Academy Bay ecosystem due to destruction of bowhead whale population.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В сентябре 2022 г. в кутовой части Ульбанского залива (южная часть зал. Академии) экспедицией ТОИ ДВО РАН на НИС «Профессор Гагаринский» обнаружены значительно превышающие фон концентрации общего фосфора и общего азота, примерно 2,5 и 15 мкмоль/л соответственно. Эти гидрохимические данные, особенности воспроизводства лосося (девятимесячное созревание личинок, скат мальков, др.), с учетом олиготрофного характера зал. Академии и результатов наблюдений за гренландскими китами привели нас к мысли, что основой рациона гренландских китов в данном районе является молодь лососевых рыб. Данное обстоятельство определяет важность сохранения экосистемы зал. Академия, в основе которой лежит устойчивость популяций горбуши и кеты, приходящих на нерест в реки залива. Человеческая деятельность, а именно добыча золота и коксующегося угля, промысел лосося, строительство приливной станции в Тугурском заливе (в случае реализации этой идеи), способна привести к деградации экосистемы залива и уничтожению поголовья гренландских китов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>the Academy Bay</kwd><kwd>bowhead whales</kwd><kwd>salmon</kwd><kwd>eutrophication</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>залив Академии</kwd><kwd>гренландские киты</kwd><kwd>лосось</kwd><kwd>эвтрофикация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was partly supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (21-55-53015-a) and Fundamental Programs of POI (121-21500052-9 and 121021700346-7)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РФФИ, 21–55–53015-ГФЕН и госбюджетных тем 121-21500052-9 и 121021700346-7</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lotsiya Okhotskogo morya. 2. 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