Vestnik of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVestnik of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesВестник Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук0869-7698The Russian Academy of Sciences67743810.31857/S0869769824060013HTCUHABiotechnologyБиотехнологияResearch ArticleLED cultivated Eruca sativa morphogenesis and productivity in different soil mixturesВлияние состава почвенных смесей на морфогенез и продуктивность руколы, культивируемой в условиях светодиодного освещенияhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8750-4775KulchinYu. N.КульчинЮ. Н.
Russian Federation

Academician of RAS, Doctor of Sciences in Physics and Mathematics

академик РАН, доктор физико-математических наук

kulchin@iacp.dvo.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-2629-3521KozhanovS. O.КожановС. О.
Russian Federation

Junior Researcher

младший научный сотрудник

kozhanov_57@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9751-5136KholinA. S.ХолинА. С.
Russian Federation

Researcher

научный сотрудник

a_kholin@dvo.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-3504SubbotinE. P.СубботинЕ. П.
Russian Federation

Candidate of Sciences in Physics and Mathematics, Leading Researcher

кандидат физико-математических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

s.e.p@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0945-3877SubbotinaN. I.СубботинаН. И.
Russian Federation

младший научный сотрудник

sale789@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-5606-9648GomolskyA. S.ГомольскийА. С.
Russian Federation

Graduate Student

аспирант

gomolskii.as@dvfu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-0805-4544SluginaO. O.СлугинаО. О.
Russian Federation

Advanced Engineering School “Institute of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Food Systems”, Student

Передовая инженерная школа «Институт биотехнологий, биоинженерии и пищевых систем», студентка

slugina.oo@dvfu.ruInstitute of Automation and Control Processes, FEB RASИнститут автоматики и процессов управления ДВО РАНFar Eastern Federal UniversityДальневосточный федеральный университет05122024651720032025Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук2024Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-7698/article/view/677438

The main purpose of work was to assess how different soil mixtures could affect the productivity of plants with other conditions being equal and find the most productive treatment. The other purpose was to show that the addition of fertilizer could be more efficient in comparison with hydroponics methods. The methods used in this work include LEDs light sources development, morphometric parameters estimation, and statistical analysis. In our research, we used mixtures based on universal soil, sand, sapropel and the Zion universal ion-exchange nutrient substrate in various proportions. 100% soil was used as a control. The plants were grown under white light (WW) with an intensity of 300 μmol m-2 s-1 and RGB range percent ratio R33:G41:B26. Results. The highest values of fresh weight, total leaf area, and plant leaves number were achieved under the Soil + Zion conditions, respectively. Under the Soil + Sand + Zion and Soil + Zion conditions, the total leaf area, wet weight and leaves number were increased in comparison with the control. The highest productivity was reached in the Soil + Zion experiment. The results demonstrated that the use of a universal ion-exchange nutrient substrate resulted in improved performance in most of the experimental mixtures in comparison with other experiments and control. Soil mixtures with ion-exchange nutrient substrates has advantages to other soil mixtures and can be used to optimize the quality and timing of plant growth.

Проведена оценка воздействия различных почвенных смесей на развитие растений руколы (Eruca sativa Mill.), культивируемой в условиях искусственного освещения. В исследованиях использовались смеси на основе почвогрунта, универсального для садово-огородных растений (почва), песка, сапропеля и универсального ионитного питательного субстрата «Цион» в различных пропорциях. Растения выращивались в закрытых фитобоксах со светодиодным освещением, при облучении белым светом (WW) с интенсивностью 300 мкмоль/с м2 и фотопериодом свет/темнота 16/8 ч. В качестве контроля использовалась рукола, выращенная в почвогрунте без примесей. Соотношение спектров использованного света WW, в %, в диапазоне красный–зеленый–синий составляло R33:G41:B26. Проведенный анализ показал, что наибольшие значения сырой массы, общей площади листа и количества листьев растений были достигнуты в опыте Почва + Цион (ПВ) соответственно. В опытах Почва + Песок + Цион (ПП) и ПВ отмечено увеличение общей площади листьев, сырого веса и числа листьев в сравнении с контролем. Наивысшая продуктивность достигнута в опыте ПВ. Результаты показали, что применение универсального ионообменного питательного субстрата привело к улучшению характеристик в большинстве опытных смесей в сравнении с другими опытами и контролем. Результат применения сапропеля для руколы был отрицательным. Почвенные смеси ПВ и ПП были наилучшими для развития растений руколы и могут быть использованы для оптимизации качества и сроков выращивания растений.

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