Vestnik of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVestnik of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesВестник Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук0869-7698The Russian Academy of Sciences67745010.31857/S0869769824060108HRJXFLChemical sciences. Sorption processes and materialsХимические науки. Сорбционные процессы и материалыReview ArticleChitosan-based composite materials – sorbents for the purification of liquid radioactive wasteКомпозитные материалы на основе хитозана – сорбенты для очистки жидких радиоактивных отходовhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9128-4851ZemskovaL. А.ЗемсковаЛ. А.
Russian Federation

Doctor of Sciences in Chemistry, Leading Researcher

доктор химических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

zemskova@ich.dvo.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2599-2213EgorinA. М.ЕгоринА. М.
Russian Federation

Candidate of Sciences in Chemistry, Senior Researcher

кандидат химических наук, старший научный сотрудник

andrey.egorin@yandex.ruInstitute of Chemistry, FEB RASИнститут химии ДВО РАН05122024614415820032025Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук2024Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-7698/article/view/677450

The approaches to production of chitosan-containing composites designed to remove radionuclides from aqueous solutions were considered in this review. Methods for obtaining chitosan-based sorbents for the removal of metals, the main sources of radioactive contamination (U, Sr, Cs), are described. The efficiency of using a biopolymer for these purposes is significantly increased as a result of physical or chemical modification, as well as the introduction of inorganic fillers. From the sorbents which were considered, the cheapest and most effective Sr and Cs materials for sorption are highlighted and simplified schemes for their production are given. The main purpose of this review is to provide up-to-date information on the most important properties of composites in combination with inorganic fillers and to show their advantages as sorbents in the purification of contaminated aqueous solutions.

В обзоре рассмотрены подходы к получению хитозансодержащих композитов, предназначенных для удаления радионуклидов из водных растворов. Описаны методы получения сорбентов на основе хитозана для удаления металлов – основных источников радиоактивных загрязнений (U, Sr, Cs). Эффективность использования биополимера для этих целей значительно повышается в результате физической или химической модификации, а также внесения наполнителей. Среди рассмотренных сорбентов выделены наиболее дешевые и эффективные для сорбции Sr и Cs материалы и приведены упрощенные схемы для их получения. Основная цель данного обзора – предоставить актуальную информацию о наиболее важных свойствах композитов в сочетании с неорганическими наполнителями и показать их преимущества в качестве сорбентов при очистке загрязненных водных растворов.

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