Vestnik of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVestnik of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesВестник Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук0869-7698The Russian Academy of Sciences68886710.31857/S0869769825010056HHWXPAChemical SciencesХимические наукиResearch ArticleApplication of metabolomics approaches for the analysis of secondary metabolites of starfish and sea cucumbers at the G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, FEB RASПрименение метаболомных подходов для анализа вторичных метаболитов морских звезд и голотурий в Тихоокеанском институте биоорганической химии им. Г.Б. Елякова ДВО РАНhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1727-6164PopovRoman S.ПоповРоман Сергеевич
Russian Federation

Candidate of Sciences in Chemistry, Senior Researcher

кандидат химических наук, старший научный сотрудник

rs.popov@outlook.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9075-8584IvanchinaNatalia V.ИванчинаНаталья Владимировна
Russian Federation

Candidate of Sciences in Chemistry, Head of Laboratory

кандидат химических наук, заведующая лабораторией

ivanchina@piboc.dvo.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8191-6170DmitrenokPavel S.ДмитренокПавел Сергеевич
Russian Federation

Doctor of Sciences in Chemistry, Director

доктор химических наук, директор

paveldmt@piboc.dvo.ruElyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of FEB RASТихоокеанский институт биоорганической химии им. Г.Б. Елякова ДВО РАН04072025154680808202508082025Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук2025Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-7698/article/view/688867

Polar steroidal compounds of starfish and triterpene glycosides of sea cucumbers are unique biologically active secondary metabolites with unusual chemical structures and diverse biological effects. The application of metabolomic approaches involving mass spectrometry techniques to the investigation of marine invertebrate extracts makes it possible to detect many previously unstudied, including minor, compounds, to rapidly characterize a complete set of metabolites, to identify known compounds and to infer structures or to obtain information on the structure of specific parts of molecules for new compounds. The article briefly discusses key achievements in the study of secondary metabolites of starfish and sea cucumbers using metabolomic approaches at the G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, FEB RAS. The use of mass spectrometry-based approaches to investigate total fractions of polar steroidal compounds from the Far Eastern starfish Aphelasterias japonica (class Asteroidea, order Forcipulatida, family Asteriidae), Patiria pectinifera (class Asteroidea, order Valvatida, family Asterinidae) and Lethasterias fusca (class Asteroidea, order Forcipulatida, family Asteriidae) allowed the detection and structural characterization of a large number of both known and novel steroidal compounds, including asterosaponins, polyhydroxysteroid glycosides and polyhydroxysteroids. In addition, the effect of different stress factors on the steroid metabolome of P. pectinifera and the distribution of detected compounds in different organs of L. fusca were studied. The data obtained allowed us to draw conclusions about the biosynthesis and the biological functions of these metabolites. The application of metabolomic profiling allowed us to characterize the composition of triterpene glycosides of the Far Eastern sea cucumber Eupentacta fraudatrix (class Holothuroidea, order Dendrochirotida, family Sclerodactylidae) and to propose a scheme of their biosynthesis. Based on the data obtained, a spectral library was created for a large number of previously isolated triterpene glycosides.

Полярные стероидные соединения морских звезд и тритерпеновые гликозиды голотурий являются уникальными биологически активными вторичными метаболитами, имеющими необычные химические структуры и разнообразные биологические эффекты. Применение метаболомных подходов с использованием масс-спектрометрических методов для изучения экстрактов морских беспозвоночных позволяет обнаружить большое число ранее не изученных, в том числе минорных, соединений, быстро охарактеризовать полный набор метаболитов, идентифицировать известные соединения и предположить структуры или получить структурную информацию о строении отдельных частей молекул для новых соединений. В статье кратко обсуждаются основные достижения в исследовании вторичных метаболитов морских звезд и голотурий с применением метаболомных подходов в Тихоокеанском институте биоорганической химии им. Г.Б. Елякова ДВО РАН. Использование масс-спектрометрических методов для изучения суммарных фракций полярных стероидных соединений из дальневосточных морских звезд Aphelasterias japonica (класс Asteroidea, отряд Forcipulatida, семейство Asteriidae), Patiria pectinifera (класс Asteroidea, отряд Valvatida, семейство Asterinidae) и Lethasterias fusca (класс Asteroidea, отряд Forcipulatida, семейство Asteriidae) позволило обнаружить и структурно охарактеризовать большой ряд как известных, так и новых стероидных соединений, включая астеросапонины, гликозиды полигидроксистероидов и полигидроксистероиды. Кроме того, было изучено влияние различных стрессовых факторов на стероидный метаболом P. pectinifera и распределение обнаруженных соединений в различных органах L. fusca. Полученные данные позволили сделать вывод о биосинтезе и биологических функциях этих метаболитов. Применение методов метаболомного профилирования позволило охарактеризовать состав тритерпеновых гликозидов дальневосточной голотурии Eupentacta fraudatrix (класс Holothuroidea, отряд Dendrochirotida, семейство Sclerodactylidae) и предположить схему их биосинтеза. На основе полученных данных для большого круга ранее выделенных тритерпеновых гликозидов была создана спектральная библиотека.

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