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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Toxicological Review</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Toxicological Review</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Токсикологический вестник</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-7922</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">641123</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36946/0869-7922-2019-2-9-15</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">MODELING OF PARKINSON’S DISEASE USING ENVIRONMENTAL NEUROTOXINS (REVIEW)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ БОЛЕЗНИ ПАРКИНСОНА С ПОМОЩЬЮ ЭКЗОГЕННЫХ НЕЙРОТОКСИНОВ (ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikova</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликова</surname><given-names>O. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio><p>Куликова Ольга Игоревна (Kulikova Olga Igorevna), аспирант кафедры системной экологии; младший научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической и экспериментальной нейрохимии </p></bio><email>posibilidad@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio><p>Федорова Татьяна Николаевна (Fedorova Tatiana Nikolaevna), доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник, заведующая лабораторией клинической и экспериментальной нейрохимии</p></bio><email>tnf51@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio><p>Орлова Валентина Сергеевна (Orlova Valentina Sergeevna), доктор биологических наук, профессор кафедры системной экологии </p></bio><email>bte2005@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198, Moscow</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов», 117198, г. Москва</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology, 125367, Moscow</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии», 125367, г. Москва</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-04-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>04</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><issue>2</issue><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-11-04"><day>04</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Kulikova O.I., Fedorova T.N., Orlova V.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Куликова O.И., Федорова Т.Н., Орлова В.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kulikova O.I., Fedorova T.N., Orlova V.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Куликова O.И., Федорова Т.Н., Орлова В.С.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2022-04-24"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-7922/article/view/641123">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-7922/article/view/641123</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In recent years, there has been an increase in the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson’s disease (PD). It is characterized by progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to disability of patients and large financial costs of the treatment and rehabilitation. In this regard, the understanding of the environmental factors causing this disease, the development of adequate experimental models for studying its pathogenesis, and the search for strategies to prevent its development, as well as possible neuroprotective drugs, have fundamental scientific value. Although some researchers believe that genetic mutations and aging of the population are the main factors for the development of PD, a lot of studies have shown that PD may be caused by exposure to a number of toxins which enter the body from the environment. This review discusses the main toxic substances that cause the development of PD and, therefore, are used to model this disease in animals and cell cultures, as well as the mechanisms of action of neurotoxins, and the advantages and disadvantages of specific models.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В последние годы наблюдается увеличение распространенности нейродегенеративных заболеваний, одним из которых является болезнь Паркинсона (БП), характеризующаяся прогрессирующей дегенерацией дофаминергических нейронов в компактной части черной субстанции головного мозга и приводящая к инвалидизации больных и большим финансовым затратам на их лечение и реабилитацию. В связи с этим понимание экологических факторов, вызывающих данное заболевание, разработка адекватных экспериментальных моделей для изучения патогенеза и поиска стратегий предотвращения его развития, а также возможных нейропротекторных препаратов имеет фундаментальную научную значимость. Хотя некоторые исследователи считают, что основными факторами развития БП являются генетические мутации и старение популяции, множество исследований доказывает, что БП может быть вызвана воздействием ряда токсических веществ, попадающих в организм из окружающей среды. В данном обзоре будут рассмотрены основные экзогенные нейротоксины, вызывающие развитие БП и в связи с этим использующиеся для моделирования данного заболевания на животных и клеточных культурах, а также механизмы их действия, преимущества и недостатки конкретных моделей.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Parkinson’s disease</kwd><kwd>neurotoxins</kwd><kwd>pesticides</kwd><kwd>modeling</kwd><kwd>oxidative stress</kwd><kwd>environmental factors</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Паркинсона</kwd><kwd>нейротоксины</kwd><kwd>пестициды</kwd><kwd>моделирование</kwd><kwd>окислительный стресс</kwd><kwd>экологические факторы</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Illarioshkin SN. Modern view on etiology of Parkinson’s disease. Nevrologicheskii zhurnal. 2015; 20 (4): 4 – 13. 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