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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Physiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Physiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-8139</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-655X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">651544</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0869813923070026</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">XUYXZF</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Influence of Hormonal Stimulation on the Oocyte Chromosome Apparatus of the Common Frog</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние гормональной стимуляции на хромосомный аппарат ооцитов травяной лягушки</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogolyubova</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боголюбова</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dbogol@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogolyubov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боголюбов</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>dbogol@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт цитологии РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-07-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>109</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>862</fpage><lpage>871</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-01"><day>01</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, И.О. Боголюбова, Д.С. Боголюбов</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, И.О. Боголюбова, Д.С. Боголюбов</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">И.О. Боголюбова, Д.С. Боголюбов</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">И.О. Боголюбова, Д.С. Боголюбов</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8139/article/view/651544">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8139/article/view/651544</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p id="idm45181325434576">Late vitellogenic oocytes of the common frog, <italic>Rana temporaria</italic>, represent a promising model for studying the behavior of meiotic chromosomes, since at the diplotene stage, they unite into a karyosphere, which in <italic>R. temporaria</italic> is believed to have an extrachromosomal capsule – unlike in <italic>Xenopus laevis</italic>, a classic model object of cell biology and developmental biology. However, in comparison with <italic>Xenopus</italic>, the strict breeding seasonality of <italic>R. temporaria</italic> significantly limits the possibility of using its oocytes as an experimental model. By adapting classical hormonal stimulation protocols proposed for anurans including <italic>Xenopus</italic>, we were able to obtain <italic>R. temporaria</italic> oocytes with a fully developed karyosphere outside the breeding season, namely in December–January. We observed pronounced changes in the chromosomal apparatus of oocytes with a double injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) at a dose of 500 IU. In this case, chromosomes undergo compaction and aggregation, leading to the formation of a characteristic chromosomal “knot” (karyosphere), the morphological features of which corresponded to those in <italic>R. temporaria</italic> oocytes at the beginning of the natural breeding season. Based on the proposed protocol for the use of hCG for out-of-season stimulation of oogenesis in <italic>R. temporaria</italic>, it can be further refined to obtain more stable results and improve the quality of oocytes.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p id="idm45181325431264">Поздние вителлогенные ооциты травяной лягушки <italic>Rana temporaria</italic> представляют собой перспективную модель для изучения поведения мейотических хромосом, поскольку на стадии диплотены происходит объединение хромосом в кариосферу, которая у <italic>R. temporaria</italic>, как считают, имеет экстрахромосомную капсулу, – в отличие от <italic>Xenopus laevis</italic>, классического модельного объекта клеточной биологии и биологии развития. Однако по сравнению с <italic>Xenopus</italic> строгая сезонность размножения <italic>R. temporaria</italic> существенно ограничивает возможность использования ее ооцитов в качестве экспериментальной модели. Благодаря адаптации классических протоколов гормональной стимуляции бесхвостых амфибий, включая <italic>Xenopus</italic>, нам удалось получить ооциты <italic>R. temporaria</italic> с полностью развитой кариосферой вне сезона размножения (декабрь–январь). Выраженные изменения хромосомного аппарата ооцитов мы наблюдали при двукратном введении хорионического гонадотропина человека (ХГЧ) в дозе 500 МЕ. В этом случае хромосомы претерпевают выраженное уплотнение и агрегацию, что приводит к формированию характерного хромосомного “клубка” (кариосферы), морфологические признаки которого соответствуют таковым в ооцитах <italic>R. temporaria</italic> в начале естественного сезона размножения. Предлагаемый нами протокол использования ХГЧ для внесезонной стимуляции оогенеза у <italic>R. temporaria</italic> в дальнейшем может быть уточнен для получения более стабильных результатов и повышения качества ооцитов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oogenesis</kwd><kwd>oocyte nucleus</kwd><kwd>germinal vesicle</kwd><kwd>chromosomal apparatus</kwd><kwd>karyosphere</kwd><kwd>human chorionic gonadotropin</kwd><kwd><italic>Rana temporaria</italic></kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>оогенез</kwd><kwd>ядро ооцита</kwd><kwd>зародышевый пузырек</kwd><kwd>хромосомный аппарат</kwd><kwd>кариосфера</kwd><kwd>хорионический гонадотропин человека</kwd><kwd><italic>Rana temporaria</italic></kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Kaurova SA, Shvirst NE, Shishova NV, Uteshev VK, Fesenko EE (2021) Influence of xenon on survival of sperm of common frog Rana temporaria during slow freezing. 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