Russian Journal of PhysiologyRussian Journal of PhysiologyРоссийский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова0869-81392658-655XThe Russian Academy of Sciences65159710.31857/S086981392302005XNDNZULEXPERIMENTAL ARTICLESЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИThe Effects of Insulin on Spike Activity of the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Neurones and Functional State of Afferent Inputs from the Arcuate Nucleus in RatsВлияние инсулина на спайковую активность нейронов супрахиазматического ядра и функциональное состояние афферентных входов из аркуатного ядра крысInyushkinA. N.ИнюшкинА. Н.ainyushkin@mail.ruMistryugovK. A.МистрюговК. А.ainyushkin@mail.ruLedyaevaO. V.ЛедяеваО. В.ainyushkin@mail.ruRomanovaI. D.РомановаИ. Д.ainyushkin@mail.ruIsakovaT. S.ИсаковаТ. С.ainyushkin@mail.ruInyushkinA. A.ИнюшкинА. А.ainyushkin@mail.ruSamara National Research UniversityСамарский национальный исследовательский университет им. академика С.П. КоролеваSamara State Medical UniversityСамарский государственный медицинский университет01022023109219221301022025Copyright ©; 2023, А.Н. Инюшкин, К.А. Мистрюгов, О.В. Ледяева, И.Д. Романова, Т.С. Исакова, А.А. ИнюшкинCopyright ©; 2023, А.Н. Инюшкин, К.А. Мистрюгов, О.В. Ледяева, И.Д. Романова, Т.С. Исакова, А.А. Инюшкин2023А.Н. Инюшкин, К.А. Мистрюгов, О.В. Ледяева, И.Д. Романова, Т.С. Исакова, А.А. ИнюшкинА.Н. Инюшкин, К.А. Мистрюгов, О.В. Ледяева, И.Д. Романова, Т.С. Исакова, А.А. Инюшкинhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8139/article/view/651597

In experiments on the sagittal hypothalamic slices of male Wistar rats, the effects of 15 nM insulin on the level of spike activity, parameters of spike information coding by the suprachiasmatic nucleus neurones, and functional state of afferent inputs to the neurones from the arcuate nucleus were studied. Application of insulin induced a decrease in the frequency of action potential generation and an increase in the entropy of interspike interval distribution in 33.3% of neurones recorded; in 12% of cells, the responses of opposite direction were found; in the remaining 54.7% neurones, spike activity did not change. The responses of the entropy of interspike interval distribution suggest the related changes in a degree of interspike interval irregularity induced by insulin. To characterise afferent inputs to the suprachiasmatic nucleus neurones from the arcuate nucleus, electrophysiological technique of the construction and analysis of the peristimulus time histogram (PSTH) was used. Statistically significant responses to the stimulation of the arcuate nucleus were recorded in 24 of 38 neurones of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. In 6 of the neurones, the responses were in the form of a short-latency (<20 ms) excitation, in 1 neurone in the form of a long-latency excitation, in 6 neurones in the form of a short-latency inhibition; in 11 neurones complex two- or three-phase responses in the form of different compositions of excitation and inhibition were observed. Application of 15 nM insulin induced a qualitative transformation of the responses (disappearing of the initial responses or emergence of new responses) in 5 neurones initially responded to stimulation, and in 1 neurone initially not responded to stimulation of the arcuate nucleus. Statistically significant changes in the latency or duration of the responses in the presence of insulin were not found. The results of the study suggest the ability of insulin to influence the activity level and the spike code of a respectively numerous population of neurones in the suprachiasmatic nucleus circadian oscillator as well as modulate the functional state of afferent inputs to the circadian oscillator from hypothalamic arcuate nucleus playing an important role in the control of appetite and metabolism.

В экспериментах на сагиттальных срезах гипоталамуса крыс-самцов Вистар изучали влияние 15 нМ инсулина на уровень спайковой активности, параметры спайкового кодирования информации нейронами супрахиазматического ядра и функциональное состояние афферентных входов к этим нейронам из аркуатного ядра. Аппликации инсулина приводили к снижению частоты генерации потенциалов действия и росту энтропии распределения межспайковых интервалов у 33.3% зарегистрированных нейронов, у 12% клеток наблюдались реакции противоположной направленности, показатели спайковой активности остальных 54.7% нейронов не изменялись. Наблюдавшиеся реакции энтропии распределения межспайковых интервалов свидетельствуют о соответствующих изменениях степени нерегулярности межспайковых интервалов под влиянием инсулина. Характеристику афферентных входов к нейронам супрахиазматического ядра из аркуатного ядра производили с помощью электрофизиологической техники построения и анализа перистимульной временной гистограммы. Статистически значимые реакции на стимуляцию аркуатного ядра зарегистрированы у 24 из 38 протестированных нейронов супрахиазматического ядра. Из них у 6 нейронов реакция протекала в виде коротколатентного (<20 мс) возбуждения, у 1 нейрона – в виде длиннолатентного возбуждения, у 6 нейронов – в виде коротколатентного торможения, у 11 нейронов наблюдались комплексные двух- и трехфазные реакции в виде различных сочетаний возбуждения и торможения. Аппликации 15 нМ инсулина вызвали качественное изменение реакций (в виде исчезновения исходных или появления новых реакций) у 5 нейронов, первоначально отвечавших на стимуляцию, и у 1 нейрона, первоначально не отвечавшего на стимуляцию аркуатного ядра. Статистически значимых количественных изменений латентного периода и продолжительности реакций под влиянием инсулина не обнаружено. Полученные результаты указывают на способность инсулина оказывать влияние на уровень активности и спайковый код относительно многочисленной популяции нейронов циркадианного осциллятора супрахиазматического ядра, а также модулировать функциональное состояние афферентных входов к циркадианному осциллятору из гипоталамического аркуатного ядра, играющего важную роль в регуляции аппетита и метаболизма.

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