Russian Journal of PhysiologyRussian Journal of PhysiologyРоссийский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова0869-81392658-655XThe Russian Academy of Sciences65167210.31857/S0869813924020045DJQTRNEXPERIMENTAL ARTICLESЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИResearch ArticleBDNF prodomain inhibits neurotransmitter quantal release in mouse motor synapses with the necessary participation of sortilin and adenosine A1-receptorsПродомен BDNF тормозит квантовую секрецию медиатора в моторных синапсах мыши при участии сортилина и аденозиновых А1-рецепторовMolchanovaА. I.МолчановаА. И.
Russian Federation
gaydukov@gmail.comBalezinaО. P.БалезинаО. П.
Russian Federation
gaydukov@gmail.comGaydukovА. Е.ГайдуковА. Е.
Russian Federation
gaydukov@gmail.comLomonosov Moscow State UniversityМосковский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова15022024110219621501022025Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук2024Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8139/article/view/651672

Brain neurotrophin (BDNF) is synthesized by proteolysis of proneurotrophin to form mature BDNF and the prodomain, whose regulatory activity on neuromuscular transmission is just beginning to be studied. At motor synapses, the BDNF prodomain has an inhibitory effect, stimulating GIRK potassium channels via activation of p75 receptors. The aim of this work was to study was to study the initiation and implementation of the mechanism of inhibitory action of the BDNF prodomain in mature motor synapses of the mouse diaphragm. Microelectrodes were used to record spontaneous (miniature) and multiquantal endplate potentials evoked by stimulation of motor axons (MEPP and EPP, respectively). Using selective antagonists, it was revealed that the inhibitory effect of the prodomain on synaptic transmission requires the participation of sortilin, but not TrkB receptors. Stimulation of GIRK induced by the prodomain requires the participation of synaptic metabotropic receptors, which ensure the action of βγ-subunits of Gi proteins on GIRK. Using selective inhibitors, it was found that M2 cholinergic receptors and P2Y13 purinoceptors negatively regulate presynaptic L-type calcium channels, but these metabotropic receptors are not functionally related to the action of the BDNF prodomain. It turned out that the inhibition of quantal release of acetylcholine in motor synapses caused by BDNF prodomain requires the activity of the adenosine A1-receptors only. In addition, when pannexin 1 was pharmacologically blocked by probenecid, the BDNF prodomain lost its inhibitory effect on neuromuscular transmission. Thus, BDNF prodomain-induced inhibition of quantal neurotransmitter release in mouse motor synapses requires the participation of sortilin and endogenous activation of adenosine A1-receptors, which requires the functioning of pannexins 1, which most likely provide an additional source of synaptic ATP to the vesicular one.

Нейротрофин мозга (BDNF) синтезируется в результате протеолиза пронейротрофина с образованием зрелого BDNF и продомена. Регуляторное влияние последнего на нервно-мышечную передачу только начинает изучаться. В моторных синапсах продомен BDNF оказывает тормозное действие, стимулируя за счет активации рецепторов p75 калиевые каналы GIRK. Целью данной работы стало продолжение исследования механизма тормозного действия продомена BDNF в зрелых моторных синапсах диафрагмы мыши. С помощью микроэлектродов регистрировали спонтанные (миниатюрные) и вызванные стимуляцией моторных аксонов многоквантовые потенциалы концевой пластинки – МПКП и ПКП соответственно. Используя селективные антагонисты, выявили, что тормозное действие продомена на синаптическую передачу требует участия сортилина, но не TrkB-рецепторов. Стимулирование GIRK, индуцированное продоменом, требует участия синаптических метаботропных рецепторов, обеспечивающих действие на GIRK βγ-субъединиц Gi-белков. При помощи селективных ингибиторов установили, что M2-холинорецепторы и P2Y13-пуринорецепторы негативно регулируют пресинаптические кальциевые каналы L-типа, при этом оба типа рецепторов функционально не связаны с действием продомена BDNF. Оказалось, что для торможения квантовой секреции ацетилхолина в моторных синапсах под влиянием продомена BDNF необходима активность только аденозиновых A1-рецепторов. Кроме того, в условиях фармакологического блокирования паннексина 1 пробеницидом продомен BDNF утрачивал свое тормозное действие на нервно-мышечную передачу. Таким образом, для осуществления торможения квантовой секреции медиатора под действием продомена BDNF в моторных синапсах мыши требуется участие сортилина и эндогенной активации аденозиновых А1-рецепторов аденозина, для которой необходимо функционирование паннексинов 1, обеспечивающих, вероятнее всего, дополнительный к везикулярному источник синаптической АТФ.

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