Russian Journal of PhysiologyRussian Journal of PhysiologyРоссийский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова0869-81392658-655XThe Russian Academy of Sciences65168010.31857/S0869813924010021WUKFOSREVIEWОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИReview ArticleThe role of metalloproteinases in the development of ischemia-induced pathologies of the blood-brain barrierРоль металлопротеиназ в развитии индуцированных ишемией патологий гематоэнцефалического барьераKoliaskinL. Yu.КоляскинЛ. Ю.
Russian Federation
alshibeko@gmail.comShibekoA. M.ШибекоА. М.
Russian Federation
alshibeko@gmail.comLomonosov Moscow State UniversityМосковский государственный университет имени М.В. ЛомоносоваCenter for theoretical problems of physico-chemical pharmacology of the Russian Academy of SciencesЦентр теоретических проблем физико-химической фармакологии РАНDmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and ImmunologyНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии имени Дмитрия Рогачева Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации150120241101254601022025Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук2024Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8139/article/view/651680

The blood-brain barrier maintains brain homeostasis by regulating the transport of nutrients and macromolecules from the bloodstream. Its integrity is disrupted by a number of pathological processes, such as ischemic stroke, neurodegenerative diseases or inflammation. This leads to loss of control of transport processes from the bloodstream to the brain, which causes hemorrhage, oedema and tissue death. The blood-brain barrier permeability is largely regulated by matrix metalloproteinases, a family of enzymes responsible for the blood vessels remodeling, angiogenesis and a number of other physiological and pathological processes. This review presents data on the structure of the blood-brain barrier, its pathological changes, caused by metalloproteinases, the mechanisms that regulate metalloproteinases activity, and the difficulties associated with studying these processes.

Гематоэнцефалический барьер поддерживает гомеостаз головного мозга, обеспечивая регулируемый транспорт питательных веществ и макромолекул из кровотока. Его целостность нарушается при ряде патологических процессов, таких как ишемический инсульт, нейродегенеративные заболевания или воспаление. Это приводит к потере контроля над транспортными процессами из кровотока в головной мозг, что вызывает кровоизлияния, отеки и гибель тканей. Изменение проницаемости гематоэнцефалического барьера в значительной степени осуществляется и регулируется семейством ферментов, отвечающим за перестраивание существующих сосудов, ангиогенез и ряд других физиологических и патологических процессов, – матриксными металлопротеиназами. В данном обзоре представлены данные о структуре гематоэнцефалического барьера, о патологических изменениях, происходящих в нем под действием металлопротеиназ, о механизмах, регулирующих их активность, и о трудностях, сопряженных с исследованиями данных процессов.

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