Russian Journal of PhysiologyRussian Journal of PhysiologyРоссийский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова0869-81392658-655XThe Russian Academy of Sciences65170910.31857/S0869813923110092AEMSZNREVIEW AND PROBLEM ARTICLESОБЗОРНЫЕ И ПРОБЛЕМНЫЕ СТАТЬИExperimental Models of Synaptopathies Based on ZebrafishЭкспериментальные модели синаптопатий на основе рыб зебраданиоLebedevA. S.ЛебедевА. С.avkalueff@gmail.comKotovaM. M.КотоваМ. М.avkalueff@gmail.comIlyinN. P.ИльинН. П.avkalueff@gmail.comKolesnikovaT. O.КолесниковаТ. О.avkalueff@gmail.comGalstyanD. S.ГалстянД. С.avkalueff@gmail.comVyunovaT. V.ВьюноваТ. В.avkalueff@gmail.comPetersenE. V.ПетерсенЕ. В.avkalueff@gmail.comKalueffA.V.КалуевА. В.avkalueff@gmail.comWorld-class Scientific Research Center “Center of Personalized Medicine”, Almazov National Medical Research Center Ministry of Healthcare of Russian FederationНаучный центр мирового уровня “Центр персонализированной медицины”, Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова МЗ РФNeurobiology Department Research Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and TechnologyНаправление “Нейробиология”, Научный центр генетики и наук о жизни, Научно-технологический университет “Сириус”Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State UniversityИнститут трансляционной биомедицины, Санкт-Петербургский государственный университетGranov Russian Scientific Center for Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian FederationРоссийский научный центр радиологии и хирургических технологий им. акад. А.М. Гранова МЗ РФInstitute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”Институт молекулярной генетики Национального исследовательского центра “Курчатовский институт”Moscow Institute of Physics and TechnologyМосковский физико-технический институтUral Federal UniversityУральский федеральный университет01112023109111601161601022025Copyright ©; 2023, А.С. Лебедев, М.М. Котова, Н.П. Ильин, Т.О. Колесникова, Д.С. Галстян, Т.В. Вьюнова, Е.В. Петерсен, А.В. КалуевCopyright ©; 2023, А.С. Лебедев, М.М. Котова, Н.П. Ильин, Т.О. Колесникова, Д.С. Галстян, Т.В. Вьюнова, Е.В. Петерсен, А.В. Калуев2023А.С. Лебедев, М.М. Котова, Н.П. Ильин, Т.О. Колесникова, Д.С. Галстян, Т.В. Вьюнова, Е.В. Петерсен, А.В. КалуевА.С. Лебедев, М.М. Котова, Н.П. Ильин, Т.О. Колесникова, Д.С. Галстян, Т.В. Вьюнова, Е.В. Петерсен, А.В. Калуевhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8139/article/view/651709

Synaptopathies include a heterogeneous group of severely debilitating neurological diseases characterized by structural and functional deficits of neuronal synapses. Common synaptopathies include epilepsy, schizophrenia, prion diseases, autism spectrum disorders, various autoimmune diseases and cochlear synaptopathies. Their pathogenesis is caused by both genetic and environmental factors. However, the relationship between the cause and clinical manifestations of each particular synaptopathy, and their therapy, remain poorly understood. Here, we discuss animal models of synaptopathies, with a specific emphasis on zebrafish (Danio rerio), as well as outline several lines of future research in this field. Overall, zebrafish emerge as a promising organism to mimic a wide range of synaptopahies, paralleling and complementing their existing models in rodents.

Синаптопатии – разнородная группа неврологических заболеваний человека, вызванных нарушением структуры и функций синапсов. К распространенным синаптопатиям относятся эпилепсия, расстройства аутистического спектра, ряд аутоимунных заболеваний и слуховые синаптопатии. Патогенез синаптопатий обусловлен различными факторами, включая генетические и средовые. Тем не менее недостаток знаний об их системных механизмах и неэффективность терапии подчеркивают актуальность дальнейших клинических и экспериментальных исследований синаптопатий. В работе обсуждаются существующие экспериментальные модели синаптопатий на животных, с акцентом на использование альтернативных модельных объектов – рыб зебраданио (Danio rerio, zebrafish), а также рассматриваются возможные новые направления для исследований. В целом, зебраданио служит перспективным организмом для моделирования широкого спектра синаптопатий, дополняя и расширяя существующие модели на основе грызунов.

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