Russian Journal of PhysiologyRussian Journal of PhysiologyРоссийский физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова0869-81392658-655XThe Russian Academy of Sciences65171510.31857/S0869813923110043HNGJDIEXPERIMENTAL ARTICLESЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИBehavioral, Genomic and Neurochemical Deficits Evoked by Neurotrauma in Adult Zebrafish (Danio rerio)Поведенческие, геномные и нейрохимические нарушения в модели нейротравмы на взрослых рыбах зебраданио (Danio rerio)IlyinN. P.ИльинН. П.avkalueff@gmail.comGalstyanD. S.ГалстянД. С.avkalueff@gmail.comDeminK. A.ДеминК. А.avkalueff@gmail.comKalueffA. V.КалуевА. В.avkalueff@gmail.comInstitute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State UniversityИнститут трансляционной биомедицины, Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет,Almazov National Medical Research CenterНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова МЗ РФGranov Russian Scientific Research Center for Radiology and Surgical TechnologiesРоссийский научный центр радиологии и хирургических технологий им. акад. А.М. Гранова МЗ РФDivision of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and TechnologyНаправление “Нейробиология”, Научный центр генетики и наук о жизни, Научно-технологический университет “Сириус”Ural Federal UniversityУральский федеральный университет01112023109111699171701022025Copyright ©; 2023, Н.П. Ильин, Д.С. Галстян, К.А. Демин, А.В. КалуевCopyright ©; 2023, Н.П. Ильин, Д.С. Галстян, К.А. Демин, А.В. Калуев2023Н.П. Ильин, Д.С. Галстян, К.А. Демин, А.В. КалуевН.П. Ильин, Д.С. Галстян, К.А. Демин, А.В. Калуевhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0869-8139/article/view/651715

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious biomedical problem with high prevalence and mortality risks. Understanding TBI in traditional (e.g., rodent) animal models often presents challenges due to the complexity of their brain and its limited regenerative capabilities. Here, we present novel data obtained using the zebrafish TBI model based on a stab wound of telencephalon, aiming to investigate behavioral and molecular consequences of TBI in zebrafish. Four days following the injury, adult zebrafish displayed hypolocomotion in the novel seen tank test and impaired working memory in the Y-maze test, paralleling behavioral deficits in rodent models and human TBI patients. Molecular analyses of key genes involved in the inflammatory response and cell death pathways revealed a remarkable upregulation of the interferon-stimulated gene 15 (isg15) in the injured telencephalon, a general biomarker for neuronal damage. Furthermore, noradrenaline (but not dopamine or serotonin) levels in whole-brain tissue declined following TBI, likely contributing to the observed cognitive deficits and implicating neurotransmitter dysregulation in TBI pathogenesis.

Травматическое повреждение мозга (ТПМ, нейротравма) представляет собой серьезную биомедицинскую проблему, особенно в связи с высокой распространенностью и риском смертности. Поэтому необходимо понимание механизмов патогенеза ТПМ как в клинике, так в экспериментальных моделях на животных. В исследовании использовали модель проникающей травмы мозга (теленцефалона) для изучения поведенческих и молекулярных последствий ТПМ у взрослых рыб зебраданио (zebrafish, Danio rerio). Спустя четыре дня после индукции нейротравмы зебраданио демонстрировали гиполокомоцию в тесте незнакомого аквариума, нарушение рабочей памяти в Y-образном лабиринте и активацию экспрессии в теленцефалоне гена isg15, который является биомаркером повреждения нейронов. Кроме того, повреждение теленцефалона вызвало значительное снижение уровня норадреналина (но не дофамина и серотонина) в мозге зебраданио, что может отчасти объяснить наблюдаемые когнитивные дефициты, и подчеркивает потенциальное вовлечение нейротрансмиттерных систем в патогенез ТПМ.

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